Bp Exploration and Oil, Inc.

David George Clarke

Apparatus including an elongate pipe ( ) for use in the transfer of fluids susceptible to form deposits on cooling such as wax deposits in oil, and a container ( ) having a reusable heat source including a supercooled solution, e.g., of aqueous sodium acetate. The container ( ) is in heat conducting contact with a surface of the pipe ( ), preferably on at least one surface of the container. The deposit may be removed from inside the pipe ( ) by locating in heat conducting relation to the pipe a reusable heat source including a supercooled solution, and activating crystallization in the solution liberating heat which causes at least some of the deposit to melt and/or dissolve.

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Houston, TX, United States of America

David George Clarke