International Business Machines Corporation

David E Wilson

William G Visotski

Christopher Munjal Nolan

Robert Leslie Yates

Kay Mueller

Stephen Arthur Boxwell

David Andrew Brooks

Charles Robert Hill

Patrick Y Lin

Michael W Cross

James C Boyd

Bilikiss O Adebiyi

An approach is provided in which a knowledge manager generates term tokens from terms included in an original text stream, and generates annotation tokens with corresponding term location information. In turn, the knowledge manager generates a knowledge structure that indexes the term tokens into original text fields and indexes the annotation tokens into parallel fields that align to the original text fields based upon the term location information.

Framework for annotated-text search using indexed parallel fields

An approach is provided in which a knowledge manager generates syntactic annotation tokens that correspond to syntactic relationships between terms included in a source document. The knowledge manager creates a knowledge structure that stores the syntactic annotation tokens in parallel fields and stores the source document terms in original text fields, which align to the parallel fields. In turn, the knowledge manager utilizes the knowledge structure to generate answers to questions based upon the syntactic annotation tokens.

Augmented text search with syntactic information

Mechanisms are provided for performing context based synonym filtering for natural language processing. Content is parsed into one or more conceptual units, wherein each conceptual unit comprises a portion of text of the content that is associated with a single concept. For each conceptual unit, a term in the conceptual unit is identified that has a synonym to be utilized during natural language processing of the content. A first measure of relatedness of the term to at least one other term in the conceptual unit is determined. A second measure of relatedness of the synonym of the term to the at least one other term in the conceptual unit is determined. A determination whether or not to utilize the synonym when performing natural language processing on the conceptual unit is made based on the first and second measures of relatedness and natural language processing on the content is performed accordingly.

Context based synonym filtering for natural language processing systems

According to an aspect, a question answering computer system determines a set of search terms for a given question. A plurality of passages that each includes at least one search term in the set of search terms is identified in response to a search of a document for search terms in the set of search terms. A passage from the plurality of passages is selected. A context based score of the selected passage that indicates the likelihood that the selected passage contains an answer to the question is generated based on criteria that specify a relationship among the set of search terms, content of the passage, and content of at least one other passage in the plurality of passages.

Context based passage retreival and scoring in a question answering system

A mechanism is provided for retrieving candidate answers from a corpus of documents. The mechanism receives an input question for which an answer is sought. The mechanism extracts features of the input question based on a natural language processing. The mechanism executes a first search of the corpus of documents based on a first subset of the extracted features of the input question and an initial evaluation of a utility of the first subset of extracted features to generate a subset of documents. The mechanism executes a second search of a set of passages extracted from the subset of documents based on a second subset of the extracted features of the input question and a reevaluation of the utility of the second subset of extracted features thereby forming a subset of passages. The mechanism generates query results from the subset of passages matching from which candidate answers are identified.

Retrieving text from a corpus of documents in an information handling system

Context based passage retrieval and scoring in a question answering system

Mechanisms are provided for identifying commonalities between candidate answers generated by a Question and Answer (QA) system in response to an input question. The mechanisms receive a plurality of candidate answers for an input question from the QA system and identify terms present in the candidate answers. The mechanisms determine relationships between terms in each of the candidate answers and determine a common relationship between a first term and a second term, the common relationship being common amongst at least a subset of the plurality of candidate answers, based on the determined relationships between terms in each of the candidate answers. The mechanisms present the plurality of candidate answers and the common relationship to a user.

Identifying and displaying relationships between candidate answers

The present invention allows changes to access control settings for a computer-based resource to be detected and stored in a set (e.g., one or more) of electronic documents. In a typical embodiment each stored change includes a previous access control setting and a new access control setting so that the precise differences resulting from changes can be known. In addition, in the event of an access control condition such as an undesired security risk or undesired security restriction, the history of changes maintained in the set of documents can be consulted, and a previous version of access control settings can be reverted to.

Method, system and program product for versioning access control settings

A computer-implemented method of implementing information security. The method can include receiving a user input comprising a first user identifier and at least a second user identifier, determining whether the first user identifier corresponds to at least one of a plurality of existing user profiles, and determining whether the second user identifier corresponds to at least one of the plurality of existing user profiles. When it is determined that the first user identifier does not correspond to at least one of the plurality of existing user profiles, but that the second user identifier does correspond to at least one of the plurality of existing user profiles, the method can include selecting the user profile to which the second user identifier corresponds, automatically generating a unique user identifier, and associating the unique user identifier with the selected user profile.

Directory infrastructure for social networking web application services

A method, system and apparatus for automated management and validation of access permissions to referenced shared resources. A method for access validation and management of access permissions to referenced shared resources in a networked environment can include incorporating a reference to an underlying shared resource within a primary shared resource configured for distribution in the networked environment and specifying a designated viewer for the primary shared resource. It can be determined whether the designated viewer is permitted to access the underlying shared resource. Before providing the primary shared resource to the designated viewer, however, an author of the primary shared resource can be notified when the designated viewer is determined not to be permitted to access the underlying shared resource.

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Lowell, MA, United States of America

David E Wilson