Fmc Wyoming Corporation

Fmc Corporation

Lucent Technologies Inc.

Peroxychem LLC

David E Smith

William C Copenhafer

Henry A Pfeffer

Krishan Kumar Sabnani

Richard Dennis Gitlin

Anil S Sawkar

Thomas F La Porta

Kazutaka Murakami

Richard W Chastain

Gerald F Niedringhaus

Thomas Duncan

Combustion flue gas containing NOand SOis treated to remove NOin a multistep system in which NOis reduced in the flue gas stream via selective catalytic reduction or selective non-catalytic reduction with ammonia or an ammonia-forming compound, followed treatment with hydrogen peroxide to remove residual ammonia and, optionally, treatment with an alkali reagent to reduce residual NOin the flue gas stream. The NO-depleted flue gas stream may also be subjected to a desulfurization treatment for removal of SO.

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A method for producing high grade soda ash from a solution mined brine containing sodium bicarbonate by processing the mine brine through a monohydrate crystallization step to the final product is described. The mine brine is treated to decompose and thereby convert sodium bicarbonate to sodium carbonate and to concentrate the sodium carbonate to a concentration such that a feed liquor is formed which is suitable for crystallizing sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals of high purity from the feed liquor. The sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals recovered from the process are converted to soda ash by known techniques.

Process for preparing soda ash from solution mined bicarbonate brines

A process is disclosed for converting dilute brines of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to form feed solutions from which sodium based chemicals may be recovered. The sodium bicarbonate in a dilute brine is neutralized and the brine then fortified with calcined trona to form a feed liquor concentrated in sodium carbonate from which sodium based chemicals may be recovered in a Monohydrate or other crystallization process.

Production of feed liquors for sodium carbonate crystallization processes

A process for the production of soda ash by withdrawing an aqueous mining solution containing dissolved sodium carbonate and at least about 1 wt % sodium bicarbonate from an underground alkali source; stripping CO,gas from the withdrawn aqueous mining solution, to convert sodium bicarbonate dissolved therein to sodium carbonate; co-crystallizing sodium carbonate monohydrate and sodium sesquicarbonate by evaporation of water from the CO,-stripped aqueous mining solution, without co-crystallization of anhydrous sodium carbonate, to form a slurry of crystalline solids in an aqueous liquor; recovering crystalline solids from the slurry; and calcining the recovered crystalline solids to produce soda ash.

Process for the production of sodium carbonate crystals

A telecommunications system is arranged to efficiently route digital information from a mobile network to a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and vice versa by interposing a packet network between the mobile network and PSTN so that digital information originating from the wireless network at a first data rate may be forwarded over the packet network at that rate and then sent over a direct connection from the packet network to the PSTN at a second data rate expected by the PSTN. In this way the conversion of the digital information from the first to the second data rate is performed only when needed, i.e., at the ATM switch connected to the PSTN.

Wireless packet system for efficient wide area bandwidth utilization

A process for producing valuable sodium-based chemicals from a brine containing sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, such as those containing from about 8% to about 20% total alkali obtained by contacting water with an underground trona formation by heating the brine at about 100.degree. C. to about 140.degree. C. to evaporate water, convert sodium bicarbonate to sodium carbonate and to drive off resulting carbon dioxide, reacting the brine with reduced sodium bicarbonate with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in amounts to convert essentially all of the remaining sodium bicarbonate in the brine to sodium carbonate, cooling to about 5.degree. C. to about 25.degree. C. to precipitate sodium carbonate decahydrate crystals, separating the crystals from their mother liquor, melting the separate crystals to form a sodium carbonate solution, heating the solution to from above about 60.degree. C. to below 110.degree. C. to evaporate water, precipitating sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals, separating the sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals from their mother liquor and calcining them to soda ash which is recovered as a product. The sodium hydroxide used in the above process is formed preferably by causticizing sodium carbonate values with calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide in a separate but parallel operating causticizing circuit.

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Princeton, NJ, United States of America

David E Smith