Microsoft Technology Licensing, LLC

Microsoft Corporation

David Del Val

Anders Edgar Klemets

Thomas B Brown

Navin Chaddha

William F Schiefelbein

Anoop Gupta

Anthony W Cannon

Srinivas Prasad Vellanki

Troy Batterberry

Hemanth Srinivas Ravi

Edward Yan-bing Wang

Anupam Sahai

Audi Purnaveja

Dawson F Dean

Edward Wang

Prasad Vellanki

WilliamF Schiefelbein

Ravi Hemanth

Thomas D c/o Microsoft Corporation Brown

A method for employing a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP protocol) for transmitting streamed digital media data from a server. The server is configured for coupling to a client computer via a computer network. The method includes receiving at the server from the client an HTTP POST request. The POST request requests a first portion of the digital media data and includes a request header and a request entity-body. The request entity body includes a media command for causing the first portion of the digital media data to be sent from the server to the client. The method further includes sending an HTTP response to the client from the server. The HTTP response includes a response header and a response entity body. The response entity body includes at least a portion of the fast portion of the digital media data.

Methods and apparatus for communication media commands and data using the HTTP protocol

Methods and arrangements are provided that integrate media streaming and Quality of Service (QoS) supportive protocols, such as, e.g., Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) and Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), respectively, in a manner that significantly reduces a session's startup latency as well as providing a higher quality of service that is experienced by an end user. The methods and arrangements selectively initiate the streaming of the media data as soon as possible, perhaps at an initially lower QoS, while simultaneously setting up a more desirable or applicable guaranteed QoS path. The methods and arrangements can be implemented in an intelligent manner to dynamically and/or selectively modify the streaming media in response to various network congestion problems, etc. A different/dynamic QoS capability may be setup during an existing streaming operation, and the streaming operation modified accordingly once the new QoS set-up has been completed. The methods and arrangements can provide such capabilities without significantly disturbing the user's experience.

Media streaming techniques and systems

The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment utilizes a single pair of packets to calculate bandwidth between two entities on a network (such as the Internet). This calculation is based upon the packet-pair technique. This bandwidth measurement is extremely quick. On its journey across a network, communication devices may delay the packet pairs. In particular, TCP networks have two algorithms designed to delay some packets with the goal of increasing the overall throughput of the network. However, these algorithms effectively delay a packet pair designed to measure bandwidth. Therefore, they distort the measurement. These algorithms are Nagle and Slow Start. The fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth implements countermeasures to overcome the delays imposed by these algorithms. Such countermeasures include disabling the application of the Nagle Algorithm; minimizing the buffering of packets by sending a 'push' packet right after the packet pair; and avoiding the Slow Start Algorithm by priming it with a dummy packet.

Fast dynamic measurement of bandwidth in a TCP network environment

The fast dynamic measurement of connection bandwidth utilizes a single pair of packets to calculate bandwidth between two entities on a network (such as the Internet). This calculation is based upon the packet-pair technique. This bandwidth measurement is extremely quick. On its journey across a network, communication equipment and modems may compress a packet. This compression shrinks the size of the packet; thus, it can distort the bandwidth calculation using such a shrunken packet. To avoid this distortion, the fast dynamic measurement of connection bandwidth employs non-compressible packets. More specifically, it employs highly entropic packets. Therefore, a packet cannot be compressed during its journey. In addition, on its journey across a network, packets may be rerouted, delayed, misrouted, and the like. These momentary delays may result in a momentary bad bandwidth calculation. This problem is ameliorated by using a history list at the client that keeps track of recent measurements. The client returns the median of that list to the server. That median is the specified bandwidth.

Fast dynamic measurement of connection bandwidth using a pair of packets, a packet-pair bandwidth calculation and a list of recent bandwidth measurements

Fast dynamic measurement of connection bandwidth using at least a pair of non-compressible packets having measurable characteristics

Media streaming methods and arrangements

A method for displaying streamed digital video data on a client computer. The client computer is configured to receive the streamed digital video data from a server computer via a computer network. The streamed digital video data is transmitted from the server computer to the client computer as a stream of video frames. The method includes receiving a first plurality of video frames at the client computer. The plurality of video frames represents a subset of the stream of video frames. The stream of video frames comprises independent playable video frames and dependent playable video frames. The method further includes displaying the first plurality of video frames on a video display terminal associated with the client computer. There is further included issuing a rewind command from the client computer to the server. The rewind command causes a second plurality of video frames of the stream of video frames different from the first plurality of video frames to be streamed from the server computer to the client computer. The second plurality of video frames has been streamed at least once to the client computer.

Methods and apparatus for implementing control functions in a streamed video display system

The production of synchronization scripts and associated annotated multimedia streams for servers and client computers coupled to each other by a diverse computer network which includes local area networks (LANs) and/or wide area networks (WANs) such as the intermet. Annotated multimedia streams can include a compressed video stream for display in a video window, an accompanying compressed audio stream and annotations. Synchronization scripts include annotation streams for synchronizing the display of video streams with annotations, e.g., displayable events, such textual/graphical data in the form of HTML pages with Java applets to be displayed in one or more event windows. The producer includes a capture module and an author module for capturing video streams and generating annotation streams, respectively. The capture module compresses the video stream using a suitable compression format. Annotation streams include annotation frames which provide either pointer(s) to the event(s) of interest or include displayable data embedded within the annotation stream. Accordingly, each annotation frame includes either an event locator or an event data. In addition, each annotation frame includes an event time marker which corresponds to the time stamp(s) of associated video frame(s) within the video stream. Embedded displayable data include ticker tape data embedded within the annotation stream. Examples of event locators to displayable events include URL addresses pointing to HTML web pages. The video/audio streams and annotation streams are stored in stream server(s) for subsequent retrieval by client computer(s) in a coordinated manner, so that the client computer(s) is able to synchronously display the video frames and displayable event(s) in a video window and event window(s), respectively. In one implementation, annotation streams include a flipper stream for locating HTML pages and a ticker stream which include ticker (tape) data.

Production of a video stream with synchronized annotations over a computer network

Client computer(s) retrieve and display synchronized annotated multimedia streams from servers dispersed over a diverse computer network which includes local area networks (LANs) and/or wide area networks (WANs) such as the internet. Multimedia streams provided to the client computer(s) can include a compressed video stream for display in a video window and an accompanying compressed audio stream. Annotations, i.e., displayable events, include textual/graphical data in the form of HTML pages with Java applets to be displayed in one or more event windows. The video/audio and annotation streams are produced and then stored in stream server(s). Annotation streams include annotation frames which provide either pointer(s) to the event(s) of interest or include displayable data embedded within the annotation stream. Accordingly, each annotation frame includes either an event locator or an event data. In addition, each annotation frame includes an event time marker which corresponds to the time stamp(s) of associated video frame(s) within the video stream. Examples of embedded displayable data include ticker tape data embedded within the annotation stream. Examples of event locators to displayable events include URL addresses pointing to HTML web pages. Video/audio streams and annotation streams are provided by the stream server(s) to the client computer(s) in a coordinated manner, so that the client computer(s) is able to synchronously display the video frames and displayable event(s) in a video window and event window(s), respectively.

Streaming and displaying a video stream with synchronized annotations over a computer network

A method and apparatus for delivering real-time multimedia information to clients via a distributed network is provided. The method and apparatus includes a LiveStation for encoding the real-time multimedia information into a number of different bandwidth points, and associated indexes, each bandwidth point for transmission over data channels of a particular bandwidth. The bandwidth points and indexes are provided to a recaster server to push the bandwidth points and indexes in parallel to secondary servers. The secondary servers then provide clients with compressed multimedia information according to the type of data channel used for connection. Parallel transmission of multiple bandwidth points and indexes allows the secondary servers to dynamically switch bandwidth points if data channels to clients change during transmission. Protocol between the LiveStation and a Recaster server, and between Recaster servers and secondary servers, is provided to allow configuration and transmission of real-time multimedia information to be controlled over a computer network from a single point.

Method and apparatus for distributed transmission of real-time

A method for employing a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP protocol) for transmitting streamed digital media data from a server. The server is configured for coupling to a client computer via a computer network. The method includes receiving at the server from the client an HTTP POST request. The POST request requests a first portion of the digital media data and includes a request header and a request entity-body. The request entity body includes a media command for causing the first portion of the digital media data to be sent from the server to the client. The method further includes sending an HTTP response to the client from the server. The HTTP response includes a response header and a response entity body. The response entity body includes at least a portion of the first portion of the digital media data.

Method and apparatus for communication media commands and media data

Methods and apparatus for implementing control functions in a streamed

The production of synchronization scripts and associated annotated multimedia streams for servers and client computers coupled to each other by a diverse computer network which includes local area networks (LANs) and/or wide area networks (WANs) such as the internet. Annotated multimedia streams can include a compressed video stream for display in a video window, an accompanying compressed audio stream and annotations. Synchronization scripts include annotation streams for synchronizing the display of video streams with annotations, e.g., displayable events, such textual/graphical data in the form of HTML pages with Java applets to be displayed in one or more event windows. The producer includes a capture module and an author module for capturing video streams and generating annotation streams, respectively. The capture module compresses the video stream using a suitable compression format. Annotation streams include annotation frames which provide either pointer(s) to the event(s) of interest or include displayable data embedded within the annotation stream. Accordingly, each annotation frame includes either an event locator or an event data. In addition, each annotation frame includes an event time marker which corresponds to the time stamp(s) of associated video frame(s) within the video stream. Embedded displayable data include ticker tape data embedded within the annotation stream. Examples of event locators to displayable events include URL addresses pointing to HTML web pages. The video/audio streams and annotation streams are stored in stream server(s) for subsequent retrieval by client computer(s) in a coordinated manner, so that the client computer(s) is able to synchronously display the video frames and displayable event(s) in a video window and event window(s), respectively. In one implementation, annotation streams include a flipper stream for locating HTML pages and a ticker stream which include ticker (tape) data.

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David Del Val