Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

The Institute of Applied Catalysis

David Christopher Braddock

Francis Joseph Waller

Dorai Ramprasad

David Chadwick

Anthony Gerard Barrett

Anthony Gerard Martin Barrett

Free perfluorosulfonylmethide compounds and metal salts thereof show strong catalytic activity in carbon-carbon bond formation reactions, in amounts as low as 0.1 mole %. Fluorous media may be used, especially biphasic fluorous media enabling ready recycling of the catalyst. The formula thereof is: M&lsqb;C(SO R ) (SO R ) (SO R ) &rsqb; where M is H, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Zr, Hf, Th, Nb, Ta, U, Bi, Al, Ga, In or Tl, x is the common oxidation state of a said metal M, R , R and R are perfluorinated or polyfluoronated hydrocarbon, ether or amine moieties or mixtures thereof and m&plus;q&equals;0, 1, 2 or 3 (m and q being zero or integers).

Perfluorosulfonylmethide compounds; use thereof for carbon-carbon bond formation

A process for preparing a nitrated arene which comprises reacting an arene and nitric acid in the presence of a water tolerant Lewis acid catalyst under process conditions sufficient to form the nitrated arene and recovering the nitrated arene. Suitable Lewis acid catalysts are represented by the formula M.sup.n (A.sub.1).sub.x (A.sub.2).sub.n-x wherein

Nitration process which employs water tolerant Lewis acid catalysts

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London, United Kingdom

David Christopher Braddock