Data Race, Inc.

Picker International, Inc.

Other

Google Inc.

Gould Inc.

David C Oliver

Michael J Petrillo

Micheal J Petrillo

John F Vesel

Edwin A Bertness

James M Kapcio

Systems and methods for Bloom filter compaction are described herein. A method embodiment includes reading a data corpus, inserting a plurality of data items from the data corpus into a Bloom filter, determining a number of the data items inserted, calculating a desired filter size based on the number, and constructing a compact Bloom filter based on the desired filter size. Another method embodiment includes generating a second bit vector from a first bit vector associated with a first Bloom filter, generating an empty second Bloom filter of a size based on the first bit vector, dividing the first Bloom filter's bit vector into a plurality of slices, and setting the second Bloom filter's bits based on an evaluation of the corresponding bits in each slice of the first Bloom filter's bit vector.

Bloom filter compaction

A system and method for low latency multiplexing of real-time and regular data in the same data frame. Real-time data capable of being delivered at regular intervals (such as digitized voice) is multiplexed with regular (non-real-time data) across a communications link (such as a modem connection). The link's existing packet protocol (such as V.42/HDLC) may be extended to provide low latency for the real-time data, with minimal impact on existing data-transfer efficiency. Before each data frame is transmitted, the transmitter determines the time before the next real-time data will become available for transmission. If the real-time data will become available before the data frame will have been completely transmitted, the real-time data may be embedded within the frame as follows. Bit values within the header of the data frame may be used to indicate the offset within the frame of the start of the real-time data. Regular data may be transmitted until this offset is reached, at which point a &ldquo;capsule&rdquo; of real-time data may be inserted into the data stream. The receiver may use the bit values to determine where to start interpreting the data stream as a capsule. After inserting the capsule, the transmitter may resume transmitting the regular data. Both transmitter and receiver determine when the next real-time data is expected by adding a predetermined amount to the offset of the previous capsule. When this offset is reached another capsule is transferred. This continues until the end of the frame is reached.

System and method for low overhead multiplexing of real-time and non-real-time data

A system and method for compensating for slight variances between a first rate at which a far end modem transmits a series of data frames to a near end modem and a second rate at which the near end modem requires reception of the series of data frames. The modems comprise a data pump which receives data frames from the other modem at the first rate on a telephone line. The data frames are received by a data pump which provides the frames a character at a time to a controller coupled to the data pump. The controller places the characters into a pair of frame buffers in a memory coupled to the controller. The controller receives data frames from a vocoder at the second rate to be transmitted to the other modem. The controller attempts to provide data frames to the vocoder at the second rate in order to avoid distortion in the data frame flow, in particular, distortion in the compressed speech. The method comprises determining according to the second rate if a next data frame in the series of data frames has been received and providing the next data frame to a decoder if the next data frame has been received, but providing a filler frame to the decoder if the next data frame has not been received. The modem repeatedly performs these steps for each of the data frames in the series of frames. Preferably the data frames are compressed speech frames and the decoder is a vocoder for decoding the compressed speech frames. Preferably, the filler frame comprises a quiet frame which has been produced by recording essentially silence, i.e., only white noise. Preferably, the modems comprise DSVD modems. The modem also determines if the next data frame is bad if the data frame has been received and provides a filler frame to the decoder if the next data frame is bad.

System and method for handling underrun of compressed speech frames due

A system and method for performing far end echo suppression of compressed speech frames in a telecommunications system. The system comprises a client modem and a server modem coupled together via a communications path. A controller in the server modem receives a first series of compressed speech frames from the client modem and provides the frames to a vocoder. Each of the frames includes voice encoded speech parameters. The controller maintains a history of a volume parameter value of the most recently provided frames to the vocoder. The vocoder decompresses the first frames to produce a first speech signal for transmission onto a telephone line. An echo of the speech signal may occur due to impedance mismatches between a hybrid in the server modem and the telephone line. The echo is received by the vocoder along with a second subscriber's speech signal from the telephone line. The echo and second speech signal are compressed by the vocoder into a second series of compressed speech frames which are provided to the controller. In particular, one of the parameters is a volume parameter whose value indicates the energy in the speech which was compressed. The controller compares the volume parameter value of each of the frames it receives from the vocoder to the volume parameter value of a frame in the history, i.e., a frame previously provided to the vocoder, to determine if the echo is present. If the echo is present, the controller substitutes a quiet frame for the echo-laden frame in order to suppress, or squelch, the echo prior to transmitting the second series of frames to the client. In one embodiment, comparing the volume parameters comprises calculating a ratio of the volume parameter of the frame received from the vocoder with the volume parameter value in the history and determining if the ratio is less than a predetermined value.

System and method for suppressing far end echo of voice encoded speech

A system for processing image data including a plurality of groups of dam values includes a memory for storing at least one difference vector for controlling an output of a display; means for generating each of the difference vectors as a function of a minimum data value and a maximum dam value included within a corresponding group of the clam values; and means for outputting each difference vector from the memory means to produce an image on a display.

Rasterization of line segments using difference vectors

The frequency divider of the present invention includes one or more regulated digital divider circuits, each of which is made up of a finite state machine such as a general purpose counter. The regulated digital divider circuits can be cascaded such that the frequency divider provides a high degree of precision within only a few stages, regardless of the division ratio. The frequency divider has an output duty cycle which is adjustable so as to provide a more useful output than existing frequency dividers. Moreover, the frequency divider can be implemented using simple logic circuitry and virtually any architecture.

Non-integral frequency division using regulated digital divider circuits

A DMA control device (10) is connected with an n-bit address bus (12) by way of a bidirectional internal n-bit bus (14). The m most significant bits of signals received on the bidirectional bus (14) are reserved for carrying codes which identify or enable the DMA device to respond, to generate a load signal, to generate a count signal, and to generate an output signal. The remaining bits are reserved for address data. The load signal causes the remaining bit addresses to be loaded into counters (22) or registers (40). The count signal causes the counters (22) or a latched incrementor (44) to increment. The output signal controls three-state buffers (24, 42, 46) which cause the current address to be outputted on the bidirectional bus. In this manner, the DMA control device has only a single bus and in the embodiment of FIG. 2 replaces the counter array with a register array.

Direct memory access control device for use with a single n-bit bus with

Pixel values f(m,n) of an image are reduced (A) by predicting each pixel value based on preceding pixel values and retaining the deviation e(m,n) between the actual and predicted values. The reduced values e(m,n) are serially fed to an input latch (20). A latched sizer (22) determines the larger of the number of bits of the value in the input latch and the largest previously received reduced value e(m,n). A comparator (42) compares a number of bits from the latched sizer with the number of bits per field indicated by a look-up table (44). Each time another reduced value e(m,n) is received, a state counter (46) indexes one state, i.e., increases the number of bit fields per output word and, when necessary causes the look-up table (44) to reduce the number of bits per field. When the comparator (42) determines that the number of bits from the latched sizer will not fit in the bit field size indicated by look-up table (44), a bit shuffler (C) is caused to form a packed word from the precedingly received reduced values. When the number of bits does fit into the bit field, the reduced value in the input latch (20) is forwarded to the bit shuffler and the process repeated with the next reduced value.

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San Antonio, TX, United States of America

David C Oliver