The General Hospital Corporation

University of Pennsylvania

Other

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Canon U.s.a., Inc.

Tufts University

University

David Alan Boas

Maria Angela Franceschini

Stefan A Carp

Jason Sutin

Arjun Gaurang Yodh

Britton Chance

Maureen O'Leary

Thomas Gaudette

Bruce R Rosen

Haruo Nakaji

Megan H Blackwell

David Borsook

Quan Zhang

Sergio Fantini

Edward N George

Lino Becerra

Ang Li

Qianqian Fang

Simon Robert Arridge

Mark Martino

Pei-Yi Lin

Anna Zourabian

Joe Culver

Xuefeng Cheng

Erin Buckley

Xingde Li

Davide Tamborini

Oleg Shatrovoy

An apparatus, including: a probe to interface with a surface of a tissue; a light source optically coupled to the probe, the light source directing light of at least 1000 nm into the tissue; a detector optically coupled to the probe, the detector to detect light based on scattering of light from the light source in the tissue, and the detector having a light sensitivity in a range of at least 1000 nm; a processor coupled to the detector, the processor to: receive a signal from the detector corresponding to the detected light from the light source, and determine a blood flow measurement from the region of interest using diffuse correlation spectroscopy based on the signal.

System and method for an optical blood flow measurement

A system and method for non-invasively estimating an absolute blood flow of a vascular region in a subject using optical data are provided. In some aspects, the method includes acquiring optical data from the vascular region using one or more optical sensors placed about the subject, and determining, using the optical data, an index of blood flow and a blood volume associated with the vascular region. The method also includes computing a blood inflow and a blood outflow using the index of blood flow and the blood volume, and estimating an absolute blood flow using the blood inflow and blood outflow. The method further includes generating a report indicative of the absolute blood flow of the vascular region.

System and method for monitoring absolute blood flow

Systems and methods for path length selected diffuse correlation spectroscopy (PLS-DCS) are disclosed. The systems and methods are suitable for measuring dynamics of a target medium. The systems and methods can utilize light sources having a coherence length that is shorter than a path length distribution of the target medium and can utilize a reference optical path to interferometrically detect PLS-DCS signals. The coherence length and reference path length can be selected to provide sensitivity to portions of the target medium that correspond to a desired path length distribution.

Systems and methods for path length selected diffuse correlation spectroscopy

A system and method for non-invasively estimating an absolute blood flow of a vascular region in a subject using optical data are provided. In some aspects, the method includes acquiring optical data from the vascular region using one or more optical sensors placed about the subject, and determining, using the optical data, an index of blood flow and. a blood volume associated with the vascular region. The method also includes computing a blood inflow and a blood outflow using the index of blood flow and the blood volume, and estimating an absolute blood flow using the blood inflow and blood outflow. The method further includes generating a report indicative of the absolute blood flow of the vascular region.

A system and method for non-invasively monitoring intracranial pressure are provided. In some aspects, the method comprises acquiring diffuse correlation spectroscopy data at a temporal resolution greater than a pulsatile frequency of cerebral blood flow of a subject using one or more optical sensors placed about a subject, and determining a pulsatile cerebral blood flow using the acquired data, The method also includes correlating the determined pulsatile cerebral blood flow with physiological data acquired from the subject, and estimating an intracranial pressure based on the correlation. The method further includes generating a report indicative of the estimated intracranial pressure.

System and method for non-invasively monitoring intracranial pressure

There is provided herewith an apparatus, probe, and method for the combination of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). The apparatus, probe and method allow for the simultaneous detection of NIRS and DCS.

Near-infrared spectroscopy and diffuse correlation spectroscopy device and methods

A cancer screening method includes changing a compression state of selected tissue; and obtaining a signal indicative of a response of an optical property of the selected tissue in response to the change in the compression state.

Cancer detection by optical measurement of compression-induced transients

An exemplary apparatus can be provided to determine information regarding a sample(s), which can include, for example an arrangement(s) composed of, at least partially, a particular material in a predetermined area thereof, and including a light facilitating device that can be configured to provide or receive a light radiation(s) to or from the sample(s). The particular material can have a characteristic which can facilitate a sufficient amount of X-ray radiation to pass therethrough so as to generate an X-ray image(s). An X-ray absorption of the material can be at most about 10 times that of a &#xbc;&#x2033; acrylic plate. The light facilitating device can include a light transmitting configuration which can provide the light radiation(s) to the sample.

Optical fiber probe arrangement for use with X-ray mammography

A method for recognizing awareness in a subject includes performing optical imaging on at least one cortical region of the brain of the subject. Optical imaging data are obtained over time measuring one or more hemodynamic parameters in the at least one cortical region of the subject's brain. An observed variation pattern is determined in the measured hemodynamic parameters, and the observed variation pattern is compared to one or more known variation patterns characteristic of awareness. Substantial similarity between the observed and known variation patterns signals awareness in the subject.

Recognizing awareness in an anesthetized subject

A system for obtaining a resultant image and a method to utilize the same are provided. In particular, first and second images of a subject or a portion of the subject are obtained. The first image includes a first portion of the subject and a second portion of the subject, and each of the first image and the second image are different types of images. A first probability that the first portion has a contrast which is greater than a predetermined contrast and a second probability that the second portion has a contrast which is greater than the predetermined contrast then is determined using the second image. For example, the second probability is greater than the first probability. Moreover, the first and second portions of the first image are reconstructed to generate the resultant image. Specifically, the first portion is reconstructed based on the first probability and the second portion is reconstructed based on the second probability.

Systems and method for generating an image

A fetal blood pulse oximetry method and apparatus using a first wavelength of light at about 655 to 705 nm and a second wavelength of light at about 820 to 900 nm. Measurements are taken through a mother's abdomen. Processing is performed to extract absorption information related to fetal arterial blood with calculation of fetal oxygen saturation from the extracted data.

Fetal pulse oximetry

A method for measuring venous oxygen saturation levels has steps of measuring optical absorption oscillation data at the respiratory frequency at a plurality of wavelengths (). A reduced scattering coefficient and an absorption coefficient are determined for the tissue, with the result that an effective path length can be determined (). Data processing is performed to calculate amplitudes for the absorption oscillation data that are translated into oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentrations for the venous compartment (). A method of the invention does not required mechanical ventilation devices or venous perturbation. Additional method steps may entail verifying that the measured absorption oscillation data results from the venous compartment.

Method for measuring venous oxygen saturation

The methods and systems are provided that alleviate the impact of experimental systematic errors. These calibration methods and systems can be based on the discovery that by including source and detector calibration factors as part of the inverse calculation for image reconstruction, image artifacts can be significantly reduced. The novel methods and systems enhance contrast in images of the distribution of the radioactive properties of a medium, and enable improved detection of, for example, spatial variations in optical properties within highly scattering media, such as human or animal tissue. The novel methods and systems receive radiation which exits from the medium. Then, one or more optical properties of the medium are derived using the received radiation and one or more calibration factors, wherein the calibration factors are variables. Subsequently, a distribution of the optical properties in the medium is determined using the derived optical properties.

System and method for enabling simultaneous calibration and imaging of a medium

The invention relates to a method of using diffuse optical tomography and oxygen in a stroke patient, or a patient suspected of having a stroke, to detect ischemic events or bleeds in the brain.

Detection of stroke events using diffuse optical tomagraphy

The invention features a calibration method for diffuse optical measurements that corrects transmittance measurements between a source and a detector for factors unrelated to sample properties. The calibration method is based on the same set of transmittance measurements that are subsequently corrected by the calibration and used in imaging and/or spectroscopy applications. The calibration method involves a forward calculation for each of multiple source-detector pairs based on an approximate model of the sample, and a minimization of an expression that depends on the forward calculations and the transmittance measurements to determine self-consistent coupling coefficients for every source-detector pair. Once the coupling coefficients have been determined, they can be used to correct the transmittance measurements. If desired, an inverse calculation can be performed on the corrected sample measurements to determine spatial variations in the optical properties of the sample. If necessary, the calibration can be repeated and iteratively improved, whereby the optical properties determined by the inverse calculation in an earlier iteration are used to improve the sample model for the forward calculation in a subsequent iteration.

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Newmarket, NH, United States of America

David Alan Boas