Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research

U.S. Department of Energy

Other

The United States of America As Represented by the Department of Energy

Acist Medical Systems, Inc.

Cardia Catheter Company

David A Berry

Dushyant Shekhawat

David R Holmes, Iii

Mark W Smith

Robert S Schwartz

Daniel J Haynes

Donald G Ellis

James J Spivey

James V Donadio, Iii

Todd H Gardner

Frederick S Halverson

Robert G James

Ranjani V Siriwardane

David Holmes

Wayne A Surdoval

Victor Abdelsayed

George Alan Richards

Nicholas S Siefert

Robert A VanTassel

Robert D Simari

Allan R Camrud

James C Fisher

Henry W Rohrs

Travis Shultz

Timothy D Argo

Noel M Caplice

K David Lyons

Allen R Camrud

Christina Wildfire

Embodiments relate to methods for enhancing chemical conversions. One or more embodiments relate to a method for enhancing a multi-step chemical conversion reaction. The method includes providing a reactant mixture comprising one or more reacting specie(s); and providing a catalyst or sorbent comprising one or more support materials and one or more deposited catalytically active materials. The method further includes applying an electromagnetic field with a prescribed power, frequency, and pulsing strategy specific to interactions of reactant species and an electromagnetic field with at least one of the support materials, sorbent, and catalytically active materials in a particular chemical reaction.

Electromagnetic field-assisted method for chemical conversion

One or more embodiments relates to a method of catalytically converting a reactant gas mixture for pollution abatement of products of hydrocarbon fuel combustion. The method provides substituted mixed-metal oxides where catalytically active metals are substituted within the crystal lattice to create an active and well dispersed metal catalyst available to convert the reactant gas mixture. Embodiments may be used with gasoline and diesel fueled internal combustion engine exhaust, although specific embodiments may differ somewhat for each.

Mixed-metal oxide based catalysts

Method of exhaust cleanup from combustion processes using mixed-metal oxide based catalysts

The disclosure provides a SOFC comprised of an electrolyte, anode, and cathode, where the cathode comprises an MIEC and an oxygen-reducing layer. The oxygen-reducing layer is in contact with the MIEC, and the MIEC is generally between and separating the oxygen-reducing layer and the electrolyte. The oxygen-reducing layer is comprised of single element oxides, single element carbonates, or mixtures thereof, and has a thickness of less than about 30 nm. In a particular embodiment, the thickness is less than 5 nm. In another embodiment, the thickness is about 3 monolayers or less. The oxygen-reducing layer may be a continuous film or a discontinuous film with various coverage ratios. The oxygen-reducing layer at the thicknesses described may be generated on the MIEC surface using means known in the art such as, for example, ALD processes.

Solid oxide fuel cell cathode with oxygen-reducing layer

A method of hydrogenation utilizing a reactant gas mixture comprising a carbon oxide and a hydrogen agent, and a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a mixed-metal oxide containing metal sites supported and/or incorporated into the lattice. The mixed-metal oxide comprises a pyrochlore, a brownmillerite, or mixtures thereof doped at the A-site or the B-site. The metal site may comprise a deposited metal, where the deposited metal is a transition metal, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or mixtures thereof. Contact between the carbon oxide, hydrogen agent, and hydrogenation catalyst under appropriate conditions of temperature, pressure and gas flow rate generate a hydrogenation reaction and produce a hydrogenated product made up of carbon from the carbon oxide and some portion of the hydrogen agent. The carbon oxide may be CO, CO, or mixtures thereof and the hydrogen agent may be H. In a particular embodiment, the hydrogenated product comprises olefins, paraffins, or mixtures thereof.

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The disclosure provides a gasification process for the production of a methane-rich syngas at temperatures exceeding 400&#xb0; C. through the use of an alkali hydroxide MOH, using a gasification mixture comprised of at least 0.25 moles and less than 2 moles of water for each mole of carbon, and at least 0.15 moles and less than 2 moles of alkali hydroxide MOH for each mole of carbon. These relative amounts allow the production of a methane-rich syngas at temperatures exceeding 400&#xb0; C. by enabling a series of reactions which generate Hand CH, and mitigate the reforming of methane. The process provides a methane-rich syngas comprised of roughly 20% (dry molar percentage) CHat temperatures above 400&#xb0; C., and may effectively operate within an IGFC cycle at reactor temperatures between 400-900&#xb0; C. and pressures in excess of 10 atmospheres.

Methane-rich syngas production from hydrocarbon fuels using multi-functional catalyst/capture agent

A method of hydrogenation utilizing a reactant gas mixture comprising a carbon oxide and a hydrogen agent, and a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a mixed-metal oxide containing metal sites supported and/or incorporated into the lattice. The mixed-metal oxide comprises a perovskite, a pyrochlore, a fluorite, a brownmillerite, or mixtures thereof doped at the A-site or the B-site. The metal site may comprise a deposited metal, where the deposited metal is a transition metal, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or mixtures thereof. Contact between the carbon oxide, hydrogen agent, and hydrogenation catalyst under appropriate conditions of temperature, pressure and gas flow rate generate a hydrogenation reaction and produce a hydrogenated product made up of carbon from the carbon oxide and some portion of the hydrogen agent. The carbon oxide may be CO, CO, or mixtures thereof and the hydrogen agent may be H. In a particular embodiment, the hydrogenated product comprises an alcohol, an olefin, an aldehyde, a ketone, an ester, an oxo-product, or mixtures thereof.

A method for the rapid and continuous production of crystalline mixed-metal oxides from a precursor solution comprised of a polymerizing agent, chelated metal ions, and a solvent. The method discharges solution droplets of less than 500 &#x3bc;m diameter using an atomizing or spray-type process into a reactor having multiple temperature zones. Rapid evaporation occurs in a first zone, followed by mixed-metal organic foam formation in a second zone, followed by amorphous and partially crystalline oxide precursor formation in a third zone, followed by formation of the substantially crystalline mixed-metal oxide in a fourth zone. The method operates in a continuous rather than batch manner and the use of small droplets as the starting material for the temperature-based process allows relatively high temperature processing. In a particular embodiment, the first zone operates at 100-300&#xb0; C., the second zone operates at 300-700&#xb0; C., and the third operates at 700-1000&#xb0; C., and fourth zone operates at at least 700&#xb0; C. The resulting crystalline mixed-metal oxides display a high degree of crystallinity and sphericity with typical diameters on the order of 50 &#x3bc;m or less.

Method for continuous synthesis of metal oxide powders

The disclosure provides a gasification process for the production of a methane-rich syngas at temperatures exceeding 700&#xb0; C. through the use of an alkali hydroxide MOH, using a gasification mixture comprised of at least 0.25 moles and less than 2 moles of water for each mole of carbon, and at least 0.15 moles and less than 2 moles of alkali hydroxide MOH for each mole of carbon. These relative amounts allow the production of a methane-rich syngas at temperatures exceeding 700&#xb0; C. by enabling a series of reactions which generate Hand CH, and mitigate the reforming of methane. The process provides a methane-rich syngas comprised of roughly 20% (dry molar percentage) CHat temperatures above 700&#xb0; C., and may effectively operate within an IGFC cycle at reactor temperatures between 700-900&#xb0; C. and pressures in excess of 10 atmospheres.

Production of methane-rich syngas from hydrocarbon fuels using multi-functional catalyst/capture agent

A method for the removal of HO and COfrom a gaseous stream comprising HO and CO, such as a flue gas. The method initially utilizes an HO removal sorbent to remove some portion of the HO, producing a dry gaseous stream and a wet HO removal sorbent. The dry gaseous stream is subsequently contacted with a COremoval sorbent to remove some portion of the CO, generating a dry COreduced stream and a loaded COremoval sorbent. The loaded COremoval sorbent is subsequently heated to produce a heated COstream. The wet HO removal sorbent and the dry COreduced stream are contacted in a first regeneration stage, generating a partially regenerated HO removal sorbent, and the partially regenerated HO removal sorbent and the heated COstream are subsequently contacted in a second regeneration stage. The first and second stage regeneration typically act to retain an initial monolayer of moisture on the various removal sorbents and only remove moisture layers bound to the initial monolayer, allowing for relatively low temperature and pressure operation. Generally the applicable HO sorption/desorption processes may be conducted at temperatures less than about 70&#xb0; C. and pressures less than 1.5 atmospheres, with certain operations conducted at temperatures less than about 50&#xb0; C.

The disclosure relates to a method of utilizing a catalyst system for an oxidation process on a gaseous hydrocarbon stream with a mitigation of carbon accumulation. The system is comprised of a catalytically active phase deposited onto an oxygen conducting phase, with or without supplemental support. The catalytically active phase has a specified crystal structure where at least one catalytically active metal is a cation within the crystal structure and coordinated with oxygen atoms within the crystal structure. The catalyst system employs an optimum coverage ratio for a given set of oxidation conditions, based on a specified hydrocarbon conversion and a carbon deposition limit. Specific embodiments of the catalyst system are disclosed.

Method of preparing and utilizing a catalyst system for an oxidation process on a gaseous hydrocarbon stream

A method of catalytically reforming a reactant gas mixture using a pyrochlore catalyst material comprised of one or more pyrochlores having the composition ABB'B&#x2033;O, where y&#x3e;0 and z&#x2267;0. Distribution of catalytically active metals throughout the structure at the B site creates an active and well dispersed metal locked into place in the crystal structure. This greatly reduces the metal sintering that typically occurs on supported catalysts used in reforming reactions, and reduces deactivation by sulfur and carbon. Further, oxygen mobility may also be enhanced by elemental exchange of promoters at sites in the pyrochlore. The pyrochlore catalyst material may be utilized in catalytic reforming reactions for the conversion of hydrocarbon fuels into synthesis gas (H+CO) for fuel cells, among other uses.

Pyrochlore catalysts for hydrocarbon fuel reforming

A metal substituted hexaaluminate catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon fuels to synthesis gas of the general formula ABAlO, A being selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and lanthanide metals or mixtures thereof. A dopant or surface modifier selected from a transitions metal, a spinel of an oxygen-ion conductor is incorporated. The dopant may be Ca, Cs, K, La, Sr, Ba, Li, Mg, Ce, Co, Fe, Ir, Rh, Ni, Ru, Cu, Pe, Os, Pd, Cr, Mn, W, Re, Sn, Gd, V, Ti, Ag, Au, and mixtures thereof. The oxygen-ion conductor may be a perovskite selected from M'RhO, M&#x2032;PtO, M&#x2032;PdO, M&#x2032;IrO, M&#x2032;RuOwherein M&#x2032;=Mg, Sr, Ba, La, Ca; a spinel selected from MRhO, MPtO, MPdO, MIrO, MRuOwherein M=Mg, Sr, Ba, La, Ca and mixtures thereof; a florite is selected from M&#x2033;O.

Methods of reforming hydrocarbon fuels using hexaaluminate catalysts

A method of catalytically reforming a reactant gas mixture using a pyrochlore catalyst material comprised of one or more pyrochlores having the composition AA'A&#x2033;BB&#x2032;B&#x2033;O. Distribution of catalytically active metals throughout the structure at the B site creates an active and well dispersed metal locked into place in the crystal structure. This greatly reduces the metal sintering that typically occurs on supported catalysts used in reforming reactions, and reduces deactivation by sulfur and carbon. Further, oxygen mobility may also be enhanced by elemental exchange of promoters at sites in the pyrochlore. The pyrochlore catalyst material may be utilized in catalytic reforming reactions for the conversion of hydrocarbon fuels into synthesis gas (H+CO) for fuel cells, among other uses.

Pyrochlore-type catalysts for the reforming of hydrocarbon fuels

The present invention provides compositions and methods for use in treatment of premature rupture of membrane. The compositions of the invention include a therapeutic amount of an avian thick egg white composition. Preferably, the compositions include the purified thick egg white protein, ovomucin. The methods of the invention involve injecting an effective amount of the compositions into the prematurely ruptured amniotic sac of a patient in order to seal the rupture.

Growing community of inventors

Morgantown, WV, United States of America

David A Berry