E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

Butamax Advanced Biofuels LLC

E. I. Du Pont Nemours and Co.

E. I. Du Pont De Nemours + Company

Daniel P O'Keefe

Mark Scott Payne

Robert DiCosimo

Anna Panova

Jeffery Scott Thompson

Robert Donald Fallon

Thomas Foo

Joseph J Zaher

F Glenn Gallagher

Xu Li

George C Fox

Brian McGonigle

Steven Cary Rothman

Jeremy S Minshull

Lori Ann Maggio-Hall

Sridhar Govindarajan

Gopal K Chotani

Caroline M Peres

Yougen Li

Mark J Nelson

Jean-Francois Tomb

Der-Ing Liao

Michael Dauner

Jahnavi Chandra Prasad

Caroline Dean

Ritu Bhalla

Jeffrey Scott Thompson

Kenneth Joseph Leto

Patricia A Harder

James A Romesser

Charles A Omer

Sriram Satagopan

Janardhan Gude

Alexander Vincent Tobias

James M Tepperman

Pierre E Rouviere

Hongxian He

Stephen R Fahnestock

Larry Cameron Anthony

Arthur Leo Kruckeberg

Robert Dicosimo

Tanja Maria Gruber

Brian James Paul

Ranjan Patnaik

Laura Anne Bedzyk

Jessica McElvain

Lisa L Huang

Kathryn G Lloyd

Katharine J Gibson

Provided herein are glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) enzymes with increased Kfor NADH and GPD enzymes with substantially the same affinity for NADH and NADPH and/or are feedback inhibited by glycerol-3-phosphate. Also provided herein are recombinant microorganisms comprising a heterologous gene encoding GPD and a deletion or disruption in an endogenous gene encoding GPD. Also provided are recombinant microorganisms comprising a heterologous gene encoding GPD and a butanol biosynthetic pathway. Further provided are methods of producing butanol comprising providing the recombinant microorganisms described herein and contacting the recombinant microorganism with at least one fermentable carbon substrate under conditions wherein butanol is produced.

Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase for butanol production

Glycerol 3- phosphate dehydrogenase for butanol production

The invention relates to suitable candidate alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes for production of lower alkyl alcohols including isobutanol. The invention also relates to recombinant host cells that comprise such ADH enzymes and methods for producing lower alkyl alcohols in the same.

Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) useful for fermentive production of lower alkyl alcohols

Provided herein are polypeptides having ketol-acid reductoisomerase activity as well as microbial host cells comprising such polypeptides. Polypeptides provided herein may be used in biosynthetic pathways, including, but not limited to, isobutanol biosynthetic pathways.

Ketol-acid reductoisomerase enzymes and methods of use

Provided herein are polypeptides and polynucleotides encoding such polypeptides which have ketoisovalerate decarboxylase activity. Also provided are recombinant host cells comprising such polypeptides and polynucleotides and methods of use thereof.

Keto-isovalerate decarboxylase enzymes and methods of use thereof

Provided herein are polypeptides having ketol-aid reductoisomerase activity as well as microbial host cells comprising such polypeptides. Polypeptides provided herein may be used in biosynthetic pathways, including, but not limited to, isobutanol biosynthetic pathways.

An acid-cleavable peptide linker comprising aspartic acid and proline residues is disclosed. The acid-cleavable peptide linker provides an altered sensitivity to acid-hydrolytic release of peptides of interest from fusion peptides of the formula PEP1-L-PEP2. The inventive linker, L, is described in various embodiments, each of which provides substantially more rapid acid-release of peptides of interest than does a single aspartic acid-proline pair. In an additional aspect, a method of increasing the stability of an acid cleavable linkage to acid hydrolysis is also provided.

Acid-cleavable linkers exhibiting altered rates of acid hydrolysis

A process is provided for producing glycolic acid from formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide. More specifically, heat-treated formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide are reacted to produce glycolonitrile having low concentrations of impurities. The glycolonitrile is subsequently converted to an aqueous solution of ammonium glycolate using an enzyme catalyst having nitrilase activity derived from72W (ATCC 57746). Glycolic acid is recovered in the form of the acid or salt from the aqueous ammonium glycolate solution using a variety of methods described herein.

Process for producing glycolic acid from formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide

A rapid and efficient method for novel biological substance screening by surface analysis has been developed using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). This method relies on the surface screening of an array of micro-organisms grown on porous membranes, which had previously been in contact with a solid growth medium. ToF-SIMS analysis differentiates among organisms producing different substances, either directly as molecular product, or indirectly through the use of multivariate statistical data reduction techniques. This method has many advantages over traditional microbial screening methods, which require sample preparation and time for assay development.

Direct detection method for products of cellular metabolism using ToF-SIMS

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Ridley Park, PA, United States of America

Daniel P O'Keefe