Level 3 Communications, LLC

Other

Internet Dynamics, Inc.

Daniel L Jensen

Laurence R Lipstone

William R Power

William Crowder

Michael B Ribet

David S Schneider

Christopher Newton

Pawel Jakobowski

Robert Allen Jensen

Bradley Allen Jensen

Examples described herein relate to standardizing content requests and responses in a content delivery network (CDN). An edge node receives a control object including sets of instructions each implementing portions of a customer's business logic. The edge node may receive, from a client, a content request identifying a content item, and may apply a set of the instructions which causes the edge node to (i) determine whether any changes are needed for the benefit of a cache server and whether any changes are need for the benefit of an origin server, and (ii) generate a processed client request identifying the content item and including, if needed, any changes for the benefit of the cache server and the origin server. The edge node transmits the processed client request to the cache server, receives a response from the cache server, and transmits a processed client response to the client.

Uniformity of instructions for content requests and responses in a content delivery network

Examples described herein relate to systems and methods for tiered updating of configuration data. Updated configuration data is transmitted to different tiers of nodes. The nodes of a first tier are commanded to use the updated configuration data. After waiting to see if any nodes of the first tier communicate a fault after using the updated configuration data, for each of the additional tiers in the CDN it is sequentially repeated to: transmit a command to the nodes of that additional tier to use the updated configuration data; and after waiting to see if any nodes of any tier communicate a fault after using the updated configuration data, transmitting a command to the nodes of another additional tier to use the updated configuration data.

Tiered updating of configuration data in a content delivery network

A server in a content delivery (CD) network that distributes content on behalf of one or more subscribers. Responsive to a request from a client for a particular resource, if the particular resource is already in a cache on the server, serving the particular to the client from the cache; otherwise if the particular resource is not already cached on the server, when a count value exceeds a first threshold value, obtaining, caching, and serving the particular resource. When the count value is less than a second threshold value, obtaining and serving the particular resource. When the count value is: (i) not less than the second threshold value, and (ii) not greater than the first threshold value, then obtaining the particular resource and selectively caching the particular resource; and serving the particular resource to the client.

Speculative caching in a content delivery network

A ground thawing device. The ground thawing device includes an insulated rectangular housing defining an interior volume with parallel sidewalls, end walls, and an open bottom. A pipe having a burn chamber connected to a first end and a second end adapted to connect to an external source of combustible gases is configured to be received through apertures disposed on the end walls. Perforations disposed along the length of the pipe allow for the combustible gas to be released in the interior volume of the housing. The burn chamber allows for an ignition source to be applied to the combustible gases carried therein. Once ignited, heat emanating from the pipe warms the interior volume and thaws the ground beneath, softening frozen soil to be excavated.

Ground thawing device

A system having a kickstand bracket is described. The kickstand bracket has a leg stop groove and a mount position, the leg stop groove having a boundary and a recess between ends of the boundary. The recess is configured for accepting a leg stop when a kickstand is rotated from a first position to a second position. An alignment locator is configured to attach to the kickstand bracket over the leg stop. A spring is attached at one end on the kickstand and at the other end on the mount position of the kickstand bracket, the spring configured for urging the kickstand towards the second position.

Kickstand system and upgrade method

A scalable access filter that is used together with others like it in a virtual private network to control access by users at clients in the network to information resources provided by servers in the network. Each access filter use a local copy of an access control data base to determine whether an access request made by a user. Changes made by administrators in the local copies are propagated to all of the other local copies. Each user belongs to one or more user groups and each information resource belongs to one or more information sets. Access is permitted or denied according to of access policies which define access in terms of the user groups and information sets. The rights of administrators are similarly determined by administrative policies. Access is further permitted only if the trust levels of a mode of identification of the user and of the path in the network by which the access is made are sufficient for the sensitivity level of the information resource. If necessary, the access filter automatically encrypts the request with an encryption method whose trust level is sufficient. The first access filter in the path performs the access check and encrypts and authenticates the request; the other access filters in the path do not repeat the access check.

Distributed administration of access to information

Secure delivery of information in a network

A scalable access filter that is used together with others like it in a virtual private network to control access by users at clients in the network to information resources provided by servers in the network. Each access filter uses a local copy of an access control data base to determine whether an access request is made by a user. Changes made by administrators in the local copies are propagated to all of the other local copies. Each user belongs to one or more user groups and each information resource belongs to one or more information sets. Access is permitted or denied according to of access policies which define access in terms of the user groups and information sets. The rights of administrators are similarly determined by administrative policies. Access is further permitted only if the trust levels of a mode of identification of the user and of the path in the network by which the access is made are sufficient for the sensitivity level of the information resource. If necessary, the access filter automatically encrypts the request with an encryption method whose trust level is sufficient. The first access filter in the path performs the access check and encrypts and authenticates the request; the other access filters in the path do not repeat the access check.

Techniques for eliminating redundant access checking by access filters

A document carrier formed as an enclosure of two layers has substantially opaque regions for insuring privacy of any documents within, and at least one transparent region for displaying routing information on any documents within the carrier. In one embodiment there are transparent regions on each side, with each side annotated by means of color, written material, or pattern, to indicate an assignable purpose, allowing a user to select a characteristic for routing a document by whether the routing information is visible through one side or the other side. Different construction methods and uses are disclosed, such as an embodiment dedicated to routing facsimile messages.

Growing community of inventors

San Ramon, CA, United States of America

Daniel L Jensen