Hrl Laboratories, LLC

Gm Global Technolgoy Operations, Inc.

Raytheon Company

Other

The Boeing Company

Daniel Frederic Sievenpiper

James H Schaffner

Hui-Pin Hsu

Jonathan James Lynch

Joseph S Colburn

Gregory L Tangonan

Tsung-Yuan Hsu

Matthew W Ganz

Timothy J Talty

Daniel J Gregoire

Robin J Harvey

Robert Y Loo

Fangchou Yang

John Jacob Ottusch

Michael Wechsberg

John L Visher

Hyok Jae Song

Richard P Berg

Greg Tangonan

Bryan Ho Lim Fong

Tsung Yuan Hsu

David M Pepper

Debabani Choudhury

Weldon S Williamson

Joseph L Pikulski

Andrew T Hunter

Joel N Schulman

Harris P Moyer

Phillip H Lawyer

Mark F Gyure

Daniel Yap

Jar Jar Lee

Thomas K Dougherty

Julio A Navarro

John J Drab

Adele E Schmitz

Kevin W Kirby

Willie W Ng

Cameron G Massey

Stan W Livingston

Sarabjit Mehta

Shin-Tson Wu

Pyong K Park

John Pasiecznik, Jr

Amanda Phelps

Kevin Geary

Bryan H Fong

Dinesh Bharadia

Robert M Riley, Jr

Robert S Miles

Paul Richard Herz

Chi Zhang

Solomon O Robinson

Gary J Hanselman

Manideep Dunna

Paul R Herz

In some example embodiments, there may be provided an apparatus. The apparatus may include a surface including at least one electro-magnetic reflective element programmed to provide a plurality of reflected signals, such that the plurality of reflected signals constructively adds at a location of a receiver of the plurality of reflected signals. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also described.

Virtual MIMO with smart surfaces

A radio frequency transparent photovoltaic cell includes a back contact layer formed of an electrically conductive material, at least one aperture formed in the back contact layer, and at least one photovoltaic cell section disposed on the back contact layer. An airship includes one or more radio frequency antennas disposed in an interior of the airship. One or more radio frequency transparent photovoltaic cells are disposed on an outer surface of the airship.

Airship with a radio frequency transparent photovoltaic cell

Method of fabricating a radio frequency transparent photovoltaic cell

Radio frequency transparent photovoltaic cell

An apparatus and methods for operating a frequency selective surface are disclosed. The apparatus can be tuned to an on/off state or transmit/reflect electromagnetic energy in any frequency. The methods disclosed teach how to tune the frequency selective surface to an on/off state or transmit/reflect electromagnetic energy in any frequency.

Tunable frequency selective surface

A tunable impedance surface capable of steering a multiband radio frequency beam in two different, independently band-wise controllable directions. The tunable surface has a ground plane and a plurality of first conductive elements disposed in a first array a first distance therefrom, the first distance being less than a wavelength of a lower frequency band of the multiband radio frequency beam. A first capacitor arrangement controllably varies capacitance between selected ones of the first conductive elements. A plurality of second conductive elements are disposed in a second array a second distance from the plurality of first conductive elements, the second distance being less than a wavelength of a higher frequency band of the multiband radio frequency beam, the plurality of first conductive elements serving as a ground plane for the plurality of second conductive elements. A second capacitor arrangement controllably varies capacitance between selected ones of the second conductive elements.

Multiband tunable impedance surface

A method of changing phase of a microwave electromagnetic beam in free space is provided wherein a cascade of device layers is located transverse to a path of the microwave beam. Each of the device layers have one or more columns. Each column has a device combination series-coupled to an adjacent device combination in the column. Each device combination has a first device having inductive characteristics at microwave frequencies and a second device series-coupled to the first device. The second device has at microwave frequencies characteristics of a fixed capacitance in parallel with a variable capacitance. The capacitance of one or more of the second devices is variable to establish a desired phase shift and a desired frequency band edge within a desired frequency pass band.

Free-space phase shifter having series coupled inductive-variable capacitance devices

Exemplary embodiments of a structured surface are described which can efficiently reflect, steer or focus incident electromagnetic radiation. The surface impedance may be adjustable and can impart a phase shift to the incident wave using tunable electrical components of the surface. An array of electrodes interconnected by variable capacitors may be used for beam steering and phase modulation. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrodes have a circular configuration.

Electronically tunable microwave reflector

An imager comprising a sphere of dielectric material and a geodesically configured substrate disposed adjacent said sphere. The geodesically configured substrate comprises a plurality of triangularly shaped elements, at least selected ones of the triangularly shaped elements having an array of detectors disposed thereon, the detectors in the array also being disposed adjacent the dielectric sphere for receiving and detecting incoming electromagnetic waves delivered via said sphere.

Wide field of view millimeter wave imager

Methods for tuning at least a region of a tunable frequency selective surface. The methods disclosed how to achieve an opaque or absorptive state in at least a region of tunable frequency selective surface.

Method of achieving an opaque or absorption state in a tunable frequency selective surface

An antenna having an impedance matching section for attaching to a sheet or a garment. The antenna has a first, a second, and a third leaky substantially coaxial conductor. The first and the third coaxial conductors have an electrically conductive layer placed on the dielectric in a double helix. The second coaxial conductor has an electrically conductive layer placed on the dielectric in a single helix. The first coaxial conductor is coupled to the second coaxial conductor, the second coaxial conductor is coupled to the third coaxial conductor; and the third coaxial conductor is coupled in use to a first termination impedance. Methods to make the foregoing structures are also described.

Antenna having an impedance matching section for integration into apparel

A chaff element for interfering with radar signals. The chaff element has a dielectric substrate and a pair of elongate electrically conductive elements, having a total length of approximately one-half wavelength of the radar signals or otherwise tuned to the radar signals, disposed on the dielectric substrate. A switch is arranged to electrically couple the pair of elongate elements together in response to a control signal generated by an oscillator circuit and a battery. The chaff element can be used in a method of providing a countermeasure against radar signals. A plurality of chaff elements can be deployed in an airspace above a radar unit emitting a radar signal and interfere with the radar signal by opening and closing the switches of the chaff elements while deployed in said airspace above the radar unit.

Smart chaff

A method and system for determining an optimized artificial impedance surface is disclosed. An artificial impedance pattern is calculated on an impedance surface using an optical holographic technique given an assumed surface wave profile and a desired far field radiation pattern. Then, an actual surface wave profile produced on the impedance surface from the artificial impedance pattern, and an actual far field radiation pattern produced by the actual surface wave profile are calculated. An optimized artificial impedance pattern is then calculated by iteratively re-calculating the artificial impedance pattern from the actual surface wave profile and the desired far field radiation pattern. An artificial impedance surface is determined by mapping the optimized artificial impedance pattern onto a representation of a physical surface.

Method and system for determining an optimized artificial impedance surface

A method for designing artificial impedance surfaces is disclosed. The method involves matching impedance component values required for a given far-field radiation pattern (determined, for example, by holographic means) with measured or simulated impedance component values for the units of a lattice of conductive structures used to create an artificial impedance surface, where the units of the lattice have varied geometry. For example, a unit could be a square conductive structure with a slice (removed or missing material) through it. The measured or simulated impedance components are determined by measuring wavevector values for test surfaces in three or more directions over any number of test surfaces, where each unit of a given test surface has the same geometric shape and proportions as all of the other units of that test surface, but each test surface has some form of variation in the unit geometry from the other test surfaces. These test measurements create a table of geometry vs. impedance components that are used to design the artificial impedance structure. Since polarization can be controlled, the structure can be an artificial impedance surface characterized by a tensor impedance having complex components.

Method for designing artificial surface impedance structures characterized by an impedance tensor with complex components

Growing community of inventors

Los Angeles, CA, United States of America

Daniel Frederic Sievenpiper