Other

Ut-Battelle, Inc.

Daniel F Hollenbach

Daniel Shedlock

Jeffrey Allen Chapman

Larry J Ott

John E Gunning

An energy conversion system having two or more enclosures supported in a vertically-stacked configuration by an enclosure support. The enclosures are airfoil-shaped and enclose multiple oppositely-rotating fluid turbines. Fluid directing structures formed in the enclosure direct fluid into and out of the enclosure, including through the turbines. The fluid directing structures are parallel slats formed into the enclosure.

Turbine apparatus with airfoil-shaped enclosure

The energy of an X-ray beam and critical depth are selected to detect structural discontinuities in a material having an atomic number Z of 57 or greater. The critical depth is selected by adjusting the geometry of a collimator that blocks backscattered radiation so that backscattered X-ray originating from a depth less than the critical depth is not detected. Structures of Lanthanides and Actinides, including nuclear fuel rod materials, can be inspected for structural discontinuities such as gaps, cracks, and chipping employing the backscattered X-ray.

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Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America

Daniel F Hollenbach