E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

The Penn State Research Foundation

Daniel B Laubacher

Charles Wilker

James D McCambridge

Barbara Haviland Minor

Nandini C Mouli

Zhi-Yuan Shen

Alan Lauder

John Carl Steichen

Robby L Alvarez

Moshe Oren

Michael Patrick Chouinard

Edward P Gargiulo

James L Hohman, Jr

Philip Shek Wah Pang

John D Bierlein

Jeffrey L Schiano

Dean W Face

Philip Shek Pang

Jiunn Sheng

Jiunn-You Liou

O Robert Averitt

Victoria Guerra-Brady

Patrick H Wyant

Charles F Carter, Iii

Jiunn-Yau Liou

Disclosed are a method of detecting a leak of fluoroolefin compositions and sensors used therefor. In particular, the method is particularly useful for detecting a leak of a fluoroolefin refrigerant composition from a cooling system of an automotive vehicle. Such fluoroolefin refrigerant compositions have double bond structures which make them particularly well suited with sensing technologies, including: infrared sensors, UV sensors, NIR sensors, ion mobility or plasma chromatographs, gas chromatography, refractometry, mass spectroscopy, high temperature thick film sensors, thin film field effect sensors, pellistor sensors, Taguchi sensors and quartz microbalance sensors.

Method of detecting leaks of fluoroolefin compositions and sensors used therefor

Disclosed are a method of determining the components of a fluoroolefin composition, a method of recharging a fluid system in which the composition is used, and sensors used therefor. In particular, the composition may be a fluoroolefin refrigerant composition used within a vapor compression system, where the refrigerant composition is useful in cooling systems as replacements for existing refrigerants with higher global warming potential. Such fluoroolefin refrigerant compositions have double bond structures which make them particularly well suited with sensing technologies, including: infrared sensors, UV/vis sensors, NIR sensors, ion mobility or plasma chromatographs, gas chromatography, refractometry, mass spectroscopy, high temperature thick film sensors, thin film field effect sensors, pellistor sensors, Taguchi sensors and quartz microbalance sensors.

Method of determining the components of a fluoroolefin composition, method of recharging a fluid system in response thereto, and sensors used therefor

The frequency of the fundamental symmetric mode of two or more coupled essentially identical high temperature superconductor coils can be tuned, with little degradation in Q, by mechanically displacing the two or more coils with respect to one another. These coupled coils are useful in a detection system for detecting frequencies.

Method and system for adjusting the fundamental symmetric mode of coupled high temperature superconductor coils

This invention relates to a method for improving the performance of a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system by reducing the coupling between one or more excitation coils that provide a radio frequency magnetic field that excites quadrupole nuclei, and one or more high temperature superconductor receive coils that detect the resulting nuclear quadrupole resonance signal.

Method for reducing the coupling between excitation and receive coils of a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system

The use of multiple sensors improves the measurement speed of a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system when the nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency is known only within a range of frequencies.

Use of multiple sensors in a nuclear quadropole resonance detection system to improve measurement speed

The use of two or more sensors tuned to at least two different nuclear quadrupole resonance frequencies of a target compound to detect the different nuclear quadrupole resonance signals greatly reduces the chance of misidentification, and thereby improves nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system performance.

Use of two or more sensors to detect different nuclear quadrupole resonance signals of a target compound

The use of a circuit to adjust the resonance frequency of a high temperature superconductor self-resonant transmit, receive, or transmit and receive coil results in improved performance. The circuit is useful in a frequency detection system, especially in a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system.

Frequency detection system comprising circuitry for adjusting the resonance frequency of a high temperature superconductor self-resonant coil

This invention relates to a combined nuclear quadrupole resonance and X-ray contraband detection system with a metal shield alarm that is activated when the area of the metal in the object being scanned as determined by the resonance frequency shifts of the NQR sensors exceeds the area of the metal in the object being scanned as determined by X-rays by an amount sufficient to shield contraband.

Metal shield alarm in a nuclear quadrupole resonance/X-ray contraband detection system

The use of a bias controlled diode in the Q-damping circuit of a high temperature superconductor transmit, receive, or transmit and receive self-resonant coil in a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system results in improved performance. The diode is operated with a forward bias such that the diode is resistive with a resistance of about 10 to about 1000 ohms.

Q-damping circuit including a diode acting as a resistor for damping a high temperature superconductor self-resonant coil in a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system

The use of two or more sensors tuned to the same nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency and detecting the nuclear quadrupole resonance signal results in improved signal-to-noise ratio and therefore improved nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system performance.

Use of two or more sensors in a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system to improve signal-to-noise ratio

This invention relates to a method for identifying biological agents using high temperature superconductor enhanced nuclear quadrupole resonance. The targeted biological agents are attached to functionalized nanoparticles and the quadrupole nuclei in these nanoparticles are detected by the nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system.

Method for biological identification using high temperature superconductor enhanced nuclear quadrupole resonance

This invention relates generally to cryogenic devices and, more particularly, to cryogenic devices of very small size based on superconducting elements, low thermal transmission interconnects and low dissipated power semiconductor.

Cryogenic devices

This invention relates generally to cryogenic devices and, more particularly, to cryogenic devices of very small size based on superconducting elements, low thermal transmission interconnects and low dissipated power semiconductor

Processes for patterning amorphous fluoropolymer Teflon.RTM.AF, passivating high temperature superconductor films, and improved electronic devices with amorphous fluoropolymer Teflon.RTM.AF films are disclosed.

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Wilmington, DE, United States of America

Daniel B Laubacher