Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company

Dale R Anderson

Louis A Errede

Carol E Hendrickson

A method for removing dissolved species from a fluid while allowing suspended solid particles to remain within in the fluid, where the fluid includes dissolved species and suspended solid particles. The method includes providing a solid phase extraction article comprising a first end, a second end opposite the first end, an axis extending from the first end to the second end, and a porous, particle loaded, fibrous sheet material formed into a spiral configuration about the axis. The sheet material is wound around itself to provide multiple layers of sheet material, each layer of sheet material is spaced from each adjacent layer of sheet material, and the sheet material comprises a first working surface, a second, opposite working surface, and an inner portion comprising active particles between the first and second working surfaces. The method further includes passing a fluid including dissolved species and suspended solid particles through the solid phase extraction article from the first end to the second end in an axial direction. The suspended solid particles preferably do not substantially obstruct the first or second working surfaces so that the fluid including dissolved species can reach the inner portion of the sheet material. The fluid also preferably contacts both the first and second working surfaces of the sheet material, and active particles contained within the sheet material remove the dissolved species from the fluid as the fluid passes through the solid phase extraction article.

Flow-by solid phase extraction method

A mechanically compacted composite article comprising a PTFE fibril matrix that entraps particles retains more of its longitudinal dimension, when subjected to mechanical and/or thermal stress, than a similar but non-mechanically compacted article. A method of making a particulate loaded PTFE fibril web is disclosed, the method including biaxial calendaring to form a sheet or sheet laminate, and machanically compacting the sheet or sheet laminate.

Method of making a dimensionally stable particle-loaded PTFE web

A mechanically compacted composite article comprising a PTFE fibril web that entraps particles retains more of its longitudinal dimension, when subjected to mechanical and/or thermal stress, than a similar but non-mechanically compacted article.

Dimensionally stable particle-loaded PTFE web

A composite marine structure comprises a marine substrate having adhered to at least a portion of its surface a layer of a water-permeable composite article comprising a non-woven fibrous web having entrapped therein active particulate to provide said marine substrate with protection against at least one of fouling and corrosion. Underwater surfaces such as ship hulls, buoys, docks, intake pipes, etc., can be protected against marine growth and corrosion by adhering thereto the composite sheet article of the invention.

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Mahtomedi, MN, United States of America

Dale R Anderson