Xerox Corporation

D Paul Casalmir

Samir Kumar

Scott M Silence

Juan A Morales-Tirado

Fumii Higuchi

James M Proper

Geraldine Baer

Ying S Molisani

Paul Lynn Jacobs

Jerry G Owens

Timothy L Lincoln

Hui Chang

Joseph L Leonardo

Mark E Mang

Brian J Andaya

Anthony Uttaro, Jr

The present disclosure provides processes for producing toner particles, and toner particles produced by such processes. The processes of the present disclosure combine melt-mixing and grinding of toner components to produce toner particles, followed by a coalescing treatment which provides toner particles having desirable spherical properties.

Toner compositions

The present invention relates to a method for high intensity blending of toner particles in order to cause additive materials to become firmly affixed to the surface of base toner particles. The method includes using a blending tool having a shank with riser members at each end, such risers being angled outward from the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees and having regions toward the trailing edges that are thicker than regions near the leading edges.

Method of blending toners using a high intensity blending tool with shaped risers for decreased toner agglomeration

A toner that contains resin, colorant, wax and an aromatic hydrocarbon compatibilizer.

The present invention relates to a high intensity blending apparatus, particularly for blending operations designed to cause additive materials to become affixed to the surface of base particles. The tool comprises a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees and having regions toward the trailing edges that are thicker than regions near the leading edges.

High intensity blending tool with optimized risers for decreased toner agglomeration

An eductor-spike nozzle device includes (a) a first cylindrical member having a first wall including a cowl lip and defining a first hollow interior, and (b) a second cylindrical member mounted within the first hollow interior and having a second wall (i) externally defining an annular flow path with the first wall for flow of a first stream of fluid, and fluid compressing throat region with the cowl lip for creating a high velocity stream, and (ii) internally defining a second hollow interior for flow of a second stream of fluid so as to form the composite stream of high velocity fluid with the first stream of fluid, thereby increasing a probability of the composite stream receiving and entraining particles introduced into the composite stream.

Particle entraining eductor-spike nozzle device for a fluidized bed jet mill

A jet mill includes plural nozzle devices for discharging a composite stream of high velocity fluid. Each nozzle device includes a plural odd number of nozzle openings for discharging an individual stream of high velocity fluid. Each nozzle opening comprises (i) a converging region for converging and accelerating a volume of high pressure fluid; (ii) a throat region defining a narrowest diameter region of the nozzle opening; (iii) a first expansion region for producing a linear expansion of the volume of high pressure fluid, and (iv) a second expansion region for producing a turning expansion as well as a parallel flow of the volume of high pressure fluid. The first expansion region has a radius 'r' and a length 's' with radius rand length sdetermined such that (dr/ds) is a constant. The second expansion region has a radius &#x201c;r&#x201d; and a length &#x201c;s&#x201d; with radius rand length sdetermined such that (dr/ds) is non-linear and a function of s

Plural odd number bell-like openings nozzle device for a fluidized bed jet mill

The present invention relates to a high intensity blending apparatus, particularly for blending operations designed to cause additive materials to become affixed to the surface of base particles. More particularly, the proposed invention relates to an improved blending tool for producing surface modifications to electrophotographic and related toner particles. The tool comprises a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees.

High intensity blending tool with optimized risers for increased intensity when blending toners

The present invention relates to a high intensity blending method for producing surface modifications to electrophotographic and related toner particles. The improved method utilizes an improved blending tool comprising a shank having riser members at each end, such risers being angled to the axis of the shank between 10 and 16 degrees and having a height dimension greater than 20 percent of the diagonal dimension of the shank.

The present invention relates to a toner and process for making the improved toner. The improved toner comprises a toner resin comprising: at least one colorant; (b) at least one toner resin mixed with the colorant and formed into combined colorant and resin particles having an average size less than 15 microns; and (c) surface additive particles wherein the surface additives are adhered to the colorant and toner resin by an impaction process in a quantity greater than three (3) percent of the combined weight of resin and colorant in the toner. The invention also relates to an improved process for making toners, comprising: (a) forming toner particles averaging 4 to 10 microns in size and comprised of at least one toner resin and at least one colorant; and (b) blending sufficient surface additive particles and the toner particles in a high intensity blender for less than 10 minutes such that the weight of surface additives that become attached to toner particles is greater than three (3) percent of the weight of the classified particles

Process for making an improved toner with increased surface additive adhesion and optimized cohesion between particles and toner made using the improved process

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Sodus, NY, United States of America

D Paul Casalmir