Montedison S.p.a.

Eniricerche S.p.a.

Enichem S.p.a

Farmitalia Carlo Erba

Claudio Santini

Giovanni Agnes

Giampietro Borsotti

Giuseppe Ribaldone

Luigi Nataloni

Maria G Felicioli

Guglielmo Rucci

Tullio Pellizzo

A process is disclosed for preparing alkyl glycosides of general formula (I), by reacting an alcohol with a reducing sugar or with an equivalent of the latter, in the presence of a binary catalyst formed by a strong organic acid and a weak, also organic, base, having a K.sub.a within the range of from 10.sup.-8 to 10.sup.-1.

Process for producing alkyl glycosides

A process for the preparation of a pyrazine derivative of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, or a group of the formula NR.sub.2 R.sub.3 in which R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently a hydrogen atom or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are linked, form a saturated ring having five or six atoms which may contain one or more additional heteroatoms; which process comprises reacting a compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, Y represents a hydrogen atom or a sodium, lithium, or potassium ion, and A is a nitrile group or a substituent of the formula COR.sub.1 where R.sub.1 is as defined above either with pyruvic aldehyde oxime of the formula: ##STR3## or with a pyruvic aldehyde oxime acetal derivative of the formula: ##STR4## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently a hydrogen atom or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or may be linked together so that the compound of formula IV is a cyclic acetal; and, when A is a nitrile group, hydrolyzing the reaction product.

Preparation of pyrazine derivatives

Alkyl diesters of saturated dicarboxylic acids are prepared by catalytic reaction of olefinic hydrocarbons with carbon monoxide and alkoxylic copper salts, in the presence of a Palladium catalyst. The products obtained find useful applications in the field of plasticizers for synthetic resins, in the field of lubricants and of hydraulic fluids, etc.

Process for the preparation of diesters of saturated carboxylic acids

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Novara, Italy

Claudio Santini