Nalco Chemical Company

Claudia C Pierce

Cynthia A Soderquist

Dodd W Fong

John E Hoots

Roger W Fowee

David A Grattan

Scott R Harder

Rodney H Banks

James F Kneller

Roger W Kugel

Kenneth P Fivizzani

E H Zeiher

Brian F Post

Robert S Robinson

Scott R Haraer

Rosa Crovetto

Concentration of a polyelectrolyte in the water of an aqueous system is controlled by first withdrawing a sample of the water and adding a known or standard amount of a fluorochromatic reagent to the sample. Then light energy is directed into the sample whereby light energy of a selected excitation wavelength for the fluorochromatic dye is available for absorption by the fluorochromatic reagent. The intensity of light emitted about a selected emission wavelength for the fluorochromatic reagent is measured and the intensity of the emitted light is compared to a standard curve, comprising a plot of fluorescence emission intensity of the fluorochromatic reagent in the presence of a polyelectrolyte versus concentration the polyelectrolyte. The concentration of the polyelectrolyte in the sample of water is determined from the comparison.

Monitoring and in-system concentration control of polyelectrolytes using

In a diagnostic method wherein steam condensate is evaluated, the proportion of condensate water from one steam source, versus other steam sources, is determined by adding at an addition point a tracer that is selectively carried over into the steam.

Volatile tracers for diagnostic use in steam generating systems

A method for inhibiting calcium sulfate scale formation and deposition and/or dispersing iron from a feedstream passing through a reverse osmosis system which comprises the steps of: controlling the pH of the feedstream within the range between about 6.0 to about 7.0; controlling the temperature of the feedstream within the range between about 50.degree. to about 80.degree. F.; and adding a scale inhibitor and/or iron disperant to the feedstream in an amount between about 0.002 ppm per ppm hardness (as CaCO.sub.3) of the feedstream to about 0.005 ppm per ppm hardness (as CaCO.sub.3) of the feedstream, the scale inhibitor comprising a water-soluble organic phosphonate and an N-substituted acrylamide polymer containing an amide structure as follows: ##STR1## where R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.1 is a hydrogen or an alkyl, and R is alkylene or phenylene and X is sulfonate, (poly) hydroxyl, (poly) carboxyl or carbonyl, and combinations thereof, with the weight ratio of polymer to phosphonate being within the range of about 0.2:1 to about 2:1; provided that when X is sulfonated then R--X-- is selected from the group consisting of sulfomethyl and 2-sulfoethyl.

Method for inhibiting scale formation and/or dispersing iron in reverse

A method for determining the presence of ferrous ion in boiler waters is described. The method can be used to directly measure the rate of corrosion occurring in boiler waters, and can measure the corrosion rates in the presence of boiler water treatment chemicals. The method uses a complex formed between only ferrous ion and a chemical 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine-p,p'-disulfonic acid monohydrate reagent.

On-line iron (II) concentration monitoring to continuously determine

New oxygen scavengers for boiler waters have been discovered, which oxygen scavengers are based upon N,N,N',N'-tetra substituted phenylenediamines. These compounds provide oxygen scavenging capabilities, metal passivating capabilities, volatility such that condensate systems in an operating boiler are protected, and may be formulated with other oxygen scavengers and other common treatment agents used in boiler waters. The preferred tetra substituted phenylenediamines are N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamines, or its precursors.

Method of retarding corrosion of metal surfaces in contact with boiler

New oxygen scavengers for boiler waters have been discovered, which oxygen scavengers are based upon N,N,N',N'-tetra substituted phenylenediamines. These compounds provide oxygen scavenging capabilities, metal passivating capabilities, volatility such that condensate systems in an operating boilder are protected, and may be formulated with other oxygen scavengers and other common treatment agents used in boiler waters. The preferred tetra substituted phenylenediamines are N,N,N', N'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamines, or its precursors.

Concentration cycles, percent life holding time for a component in the boiler and continuous treatment concentrations are monitored or determined in a boiler system by adding to the feedwater an inert tracer in a predetermined concentration C.sub.I, which reaches a final concentration C.sub.F at steady state in the boiler and which exhibits a blowdown concentration C.sub.t at different points in time. The component is an inert tracer having no significant carryover in the steam, nor significant degradation during boiler cycles. The tracer is monitored by continuously converting a characteristic of its concentration to an analog which may be recorded as a function of time.

Concentration cycles, percent life holding time and continuous treatment

The invention is a method of making water-insoluble aliphatic primary or secondary amines, water-soluble or dispersible, which comprises reacting at a temperature of at least 120.degree. C. these amines with water-soluble acrylamide polymer which contains at least 5 mole percent acrylamide to transamidate not more than 50% mole percent of the acrylamide polymer with the water-insoluble aliphatic primary or secondary amine. The invention also covers a water-soluble or dispersible polymeric composition comprising an acrylic acid polymer having a molecular weight within the range of 500-100,000 which contains between 0.5-50 mole percent of the acrylic acid groups in the form of the amides of a water-insoluble aliphatic primary or secondary amine which contains from 10-36 carbon atoms.

Modified polymers incorporating fatty amines

Copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with certain N-vinyl amides are excellent treating agents to prevent scale and corrosion caused by boiler waters in contact with heat transfer surfaces.

Carboxylate N-vinylamide copolymers for internal scale control and

The invention comprises a method of preparing copolymers of acrylamido sulfonic acids which comprises converting to acrylamido sulfonic groups at least 5 mole % of the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid groups in a polymer which contains at least 5 mole % of these monomers in its structures by reacting an aqueous solution of the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid polymer with an amino sulfonic acid under pressure at a temperature of at least 70.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to convert at least 5 mole % of the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid groups in the polymer to amido sulfonic acid groups corresponding to the starting amino sulfonic acid.

Growing community of inventors

Lisle, IL, United States of America

Claudia C Pierce