Cirrus Logic Inc.

Nvidia Corporation

Christopher W Shaw

Goran Devic

Evan Leland

Evan T Leland

Solar powered camping trailer

A method and system for performing enhanced lighting functions with respect to texture map data is operable within a computer controlled graphics display system and allows defined portions of a texture map to bypass prescribed lighting processes. Within a texture map, each texel data (u,v) is defined to contain color information and a control code (e.g., &ldquo;texel light bit&rdquo;). The texel light bit indicates to the lighting process whether or not texel color modulation is to occur to this texel data. In one embodiment, if the texel light bit is set, then no lighting modifications (e.g., color modulations) are performed with respect to the texel data. Also, if the texel light bit is not set, then normal lighting modifications are performed with respect to the texel data. In this way, the present invention allows texture map data to be lit in a non-uniform manner across a same graphics primitive. The present invention is particularly useful with respect to graphics objects (e.g., lights, indicator bulbs, glowing regions of the texture map) which should remain unaffected by external light sources (e.g., the sun, the moon, darkness of the night) within a three-dimensional graphic scene. By defining certain texel regions as having &ldquo;texel lights&rdquo;, the present invention then bypasses the external lighting conditions applied to the display scene for these regions.

Method and system for performing enhanced lighting functions for texture map data

A process and implementing computer system for graphics applications in which information files such as texture maps (TMs) are prioritized and stored in a local relatively fast RDRAM memory. The method of prioritization includes initially sorting the information files by order of the frequency with which corresponding graphics primitive elements are called by the application. The priority is adjusted such that the smaller TMs get an increase in their priority so that more TMs may be placed in faster graphics memory. Thereafter among similarly prioritized groups of information files, the larger of the files are first stored in the fast graphics memory and the remaining files are marked for storage in the system memory after the fast local memory has been fully utilized. A searching routine enables an identification of available or free storage space in the local memory and the method further compares individual texture map files with available free memory space to optimize storage of the texture maps on a priority basis to the fast local graphics memory.

Priority methods for texture map storage

A graphics processor is disclosed that renders polygons with specular highlighting (glare) based on specular fractional values included in a texture map as components of each texel in the texure map. Each texel in the texture map includes red, green, and blue color values and the specular fractional component. The specular fractional component determines the proportion or percentage of a specular color value that is to be combined with the texel color values. The graphics processor preferably comprises a texture map engine that includes multiplier logic and adder logic. The texture map engine receives three values preferably from a video memory device&mdash;the texel color value, the specular fractional component value, and the specular color value. The multiplier multiplies the specular fraction by the specular color value and the resulting product is added to the texel color value. The output value from the adder is then used to render a screen pixel or is provided to another lighting stage. The result is that the texture map itself can influence how much specular highlighting is applied to an object on the screen.

Method and apparatus for applying specular highlighting with specular components included with texture maps

A method and system for filtering texture map data for improved image quality in a graphics computer system. The present invention is directed to a method and system for performing texture map filtering for reducing &ldquo;flickering&rdquo; and &ldquo;sparkling&rdquo; when rendering a relatively small graphics primitives using a texel map of relatively larger area and low color frequency. A footprint area is defined as the area of texel map space that is mapped into one pixel coordinate of display space. One embodiment of the present invention is particularly useful in texture mapping where the footprint area is larger than one. In this instance, during rendering, the change in texel map coordinates (e.g., du, dv) is large for a unit change in screen coordinates (e.g., dx, dy). When obtaining a texel at location (u, v), the present invention performs a color filtering of texels located at distances du and dv away from the texel at location (u, v). If texel wrap is not allowed, edge pinning is used to obtain the required texels for color filtering. The texels which are rendered in adjacent pixels on the display screen become more colored filtered with respect to each other rather than filtering nearest neighbor texels which often leads to flickering and sparkling in texture mapping cases of large footprint areas. The present invention reduces flickering and sparkling without requiring multiple texture maps (and therefore additional memory), as required using mipmapping.

Method and system for filtering texture map data for improved image quality in a graphics computer system

A graphics system including a selectable mode smoothing filter for improved texture mapping. An x, y pixel coordinate is mapped into a u, v texture map. The mapped u, v coordinate includes integer and fractional portions. Depending on the location of the coordinate relative to the four nearest texels, which are represented as integers, one of several texture mapping schemes are used to either select or calculate the texel value to be used to render the pixel at the x, y screen location. The three texture mapping schemes include point sampling in which the nearest texel from the texture map is selected, two-texel averaging in which the closest two texels are combined in a weighted average, and four-texel averaging in which the closest four texels are combined in a weighted average. Scale factors in the range of 0 to 1 are computed for averaging texel values together. By including the complete range of 0 to 1, the scale factors permit greater control over the averaging process and accordingly, images with high spatial frequency content are not distorted as much as in previous graphics systems. By providing a selectable filter than can perform point sampling or two or four-texel averaging, the speed benefit of point sampling can be approached as well as the superior quality of two and four-texel averaging.

Selectable mode smoothing texture filter for computer graphics

A process and implementing computer system for graphics applications in which information files such as texture maps (TMs) are prioritized and stored in a relatively fast local memory. The method of prioritization includes initially sorting the information files by order of the frequency with which corresponding graphics primitive elements are called by the application. The priority is adjusted such that the smaller TMs get an increase in their priority so that more TMs may be placed in faster graphics memory. Thereafter among similarly prioritized groups of information files, the larger of the files are first stored in the fast local memory and the remaining files are marked for storage in the system memory after the fast local memory has been fully utilized. A searching routine enables an identification of available or free storage space in the local memory and the method further compares individual texture map files with available free memory space to optimize storage of the texture maps on a priority basis to the fast local memory.

Priority storage system for fast memory devices

A graphics system includes a graphics controller for rendering polygons with specular highlighting (glare) based on a comparison of texel color values from a texture map to a range of color values. The graphics processor includes range registers for storing the range of color values and color comparators for comparing a texel color value to the range of colors stored in the range registers. The range of color values used in the comparison corresponds to the range of colors of those portions of a texture for which specular highlighting is appropriate, such as metallic surfaces off which light reflects. If a texel color value to be applied to a screen pixel is within the range of colors defined for specular highlighting, the graphics processor adds an appropriate specular component to the texel value.

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Pflugerville, TX, United States of America

Christopher W Shaw