University of Kentucky Research Foundation

Nanocarbons LLC

Christopher Ray Swartz

Stephen M Lipka

Rudyard Lyle Istvan

An electrode including fluorinated and surface defluorinated coal is described, as well as methods of producing such and employing such within an electrical system. The coal in the electrodes is fluorinated at an amount of between 0.3 and 1.4. The resulting coal products can be further surface defluorinated and maintain functionality within an electrical system.

Fluorinated coal derived carbons and electrodes for use in battery systems and similar

A composition generally includes carbon particles. The particles are prepared by dissolving a carbohydrate-based precursor in water to form a precursor solution and placing the precursor solution in a pressure vessel. The precursor solution is placed in a pressure vessel. The pressure vessel is heated to a reaction temperature to form carbon particles. The carbon particles are subjected to a chemical activation and a physical activation. The composition includes, by weight, about 5% to about 30% oxygen.

Carbon particles

An electrolyte system for a hybrid flow battery has a manganese based anolyte and a manganese based catholyte.

Hybrid flow battery and Mn/Mn electrolyte system

An electrolyte system for a flow battery has an anolyte including [Fe(CN)]and [Fe(CN)]and a catholyte including Feand Fe.

Flow battery

Enhanced methods for preparing activated carbons have been discovered. In order to form an activated carbon, a carbon precursor material is coated with a phosphorus based chemical solution and physically activated. An activated carbon may also be formed by coating a green carbon precursor with a chemical solution that chemically reacts with carbon, carbonizing the resulting material, and physically activating the material during at least a portion of the carbonizing step. An activated carbon may also be formed by milling a carbon material to a predetermined particle size, then activating the milled particles. In another enhancement, an activated carbon is formed by coating a carbon or carbon precursor with nanoparticles, carbonizing if the carbon is a carbon precursor, then catalytically activating in air and an inert gas, and physically activating in steam or carbon dioxide. An activated carbon may also be formed by physically activating a previously chemically activated carbon.

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Lexington, KY, United States of America

Christopher Ray Swartz