Saint-gobain Vitrage

Saint-gobain Recherche

Saint-gobain Vitrage International

Norton Performance Plastics S.a.

Christian Padoy

Francis Defendini

Bernard Buffat

Jean-Pierre Beaufays

Herve Arribart

Jean-Marie Labbe

Jean-Louis M Bravet

Dominique Petit

Michel M Ladang

Claude M Morin

Francois Lerbet

Bernard Bureau

Jean-Claude Lassegues

Alain Dugast

Didier Le Couviour

Michel Armond

Bernard Desbat

Doris Schoolmann

Jean-Claude Cornut

Boris Vidal

Veronique Reboul-Salze

Composite glazing material made of glass and plastic and process for determining the optimal geometric parameters of this glazing material

The invention relates to a glazing assembly comprising at least one and in particular two transparent semi-rigid or rigid substrates on which substrate or between which substrates is placed at least one thermally, electrically and/or electrochemically active system which glazing assembly is provided with at least one seal in contact with at least one of the thermally, electrically or electrochemically active materials of the said system. The seal has an electrical conductivity of less than 10.sup.-4 ohm.sup.-1 .multidot.cm.sup.-1 and/or contains compounds which are essentially free of chemical species or functional groups capable of diffusing out of the seal and reacting chemically or electrochemically with at least one of the said materials within the operating voltage and/or temperature range of the system.

Glazing assembly having a thermally, electrically and/or

This invention relates to an electrically controllable solar building pane composed of two panels spaced apart by a layer of an intermediate gas, the panel facing towards the outside of the building being constituted of a variable transmission system of the electrochromic type comprising two transparent substrates composed, notably, of glass sheets, joined together by an ion-conducting organic polymer and coated on the jointing face with transparent electrically conducting films and films of anodic and cathodic electrochromic materials.

Architectural electrochromic pane

Protonic, conductive, macromolecular materials comprising a solid complex of anhydrous orthophosphoric acid and polyoxyethylene and also having an antioxidizing agent and/or a thixotropic agent are useful as an electrolyte in electrochromic systems, particularly systems fitted in the vertical position.

Protonic, conductive, electrolytic materials

A method for forming an electrochromic glazing system which comprises means to reduce and preferably eliminate all trapped air from the system so as to avoid the formation of undesirable air bubbles trapped therein. The method comprises coating at least a portion of an inner surface of a first glass support sheet with a transparent electroconductive layer, followed by a layer of an electrochromic material which serves as an electrode. A second glass support sheet is also coated upon its inner aspect with an electroconductive layer, upon which is coated a counterelectrode layer. Thereafter, an electrolyte layer is deposited upon either the electrochromic, i.e., electrode layer, or the counterelectrode layer. The two coated glass support plates thereafter are preassembled, that is, they are oriented one above the other with their uncoated surfaces facing outwardly such that their coated portions are adjacent, but not in contact, with each other. A spacer, which ultimately serves as a peripheral seal for the glazing, keeps the two coated stacks apart during the preassembly stage. The area between the two stacks is then subjected to a vacuum to remove substantially all of the air therefrom. The glazing is thereafter subjected to an assembly stage in which the coated support plates are heated and then pressed together to from the completed glazing. The invention additionally relates to an apparatus for forming the glazings of the invention and to the glazings formed thereby.

Method for forming electrochromic glazings

An electrochromic variable transmission glazing comprising first and second glass sheets substrates which are joined by an organic polymer whose proton conductivity is greater than or equal to 10.sup.-5 ohm.sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 at 20.degree. C. The glass sheets are coated on their joining faces with transparent electroconductive layers. The first transparent substrate further comprises a layer of electrochromic material, such as tungsten oxide, in contact with the proton conductive polymer. The glazing is characterized by an iridium oxide layer on the second transparent substrate which is interposed between the layer of electroconductive material and the organic polymer. The glazing further comprises a pair of current leads attached to the electroconductive layer which connect the glazing to a generator.

Electrochromic variable transmission glazing

The invention pertains to an electrochromic system composed of a lithium ionic conductor electrolyte and a counter electrode symmetrical with the principal layer of electrochromic material and composed of a layer of nickel oxide, preferably deposited by reactive cathode sputtering in the presence of hydrogen-bearing plasma. The invention is used in particular for electrochromic windows, which can be used, for example, in automobile tops.

Counter electrode for electrochromic systems

The invention relates to coated glass substrates for obtaining a variable degree of light transmission therethrough. The coated substrate comprises successively, (1) a first transparent support plate, preferably formed of glass, (2) a transparent electroconductive layer, (3) a layer of an electrochromic material, (4) a proton conductive electrolytic layer having an organic polymer base, (4a) an optional counterelectrode layer, (5) a second electroconductive layer and (6) a second transparent support plate. A proton conductive polymer is selected for the electrolyte whose conductivity is greater than or equal to ##EQU1## wherein the layer has a thickness of less than 50 micrometers.

Variable transmission glazings and method of making same

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Gonesse, France

Christian Padoy