Praxair Technology, Inc.

Other

The Standard Oil Company

Christian Friedrich Gottzmann

Ravi Prasad

Nitin Ramesh Keskar

Raymond Francis Drnevich

Joseph Michael Schwartz

Arun Acharya

Minish Mahendra Shah

John Henri Royal

Victor Emmanuel Bergsten

Dante Patrick Bonaquist

Bayram Arman

Bart Antonie Van Hassel

Hisashi Kobayashi

Terry Joseph Mazanec

Thomas L Cable

James Eric White

John C Fagley

Michael James Lockett

Anil Vasudeo Virkar

Jeffert John Nowobilski

Gary Dee Lang

Joseph Alfred Weber

Frank Notaro

Lawrence E Bool, Iii

David R Thompson

Richard A Victor

James B Wulf

James Stanley Schneider

Richard B Mazzarella

Homer Fay

John Notaro

Chieh Cheng Chen

Robert Zawierucha

Earl T Robinson

An oxygen transport membrane reactor having an oxygen transport membrane and a downstream fuel injector located within a chamber. The oxygen transport membrane and fuel injector are enclosed by a duct that constrains an incoming oxygen containing feed to flow along the outer surface of the duct and then reverse direction and flow within the duct and past the oxygen transport membrane and then the fuel injector. The oxygen transport membrane permeates part of the oxygen within the oxygen containing feed by ion transport to form a retentate. The retentate is used to support combustion of the fuel injected by the fuel injector. The resulting heat is used to heat the incoming oxygen containing feed by indirect heat exchange which in turn is used to heat the oxygen transport membrane.

Oxygen transport membrane reactor and method

A method of producing hydrogen in which oxygen is separated from an oxygen containing stream to produce an oxygen permeate which is mixed with a hydrocarbon containing stream and steam. Steam, one or more hydrocarbons and permeated oxygen is reacted to produce a synthesis gas. Hydrogen is separated from the synthesis gas by a hydrogen transport membrane to produce a hydrogen permeate which after cooling is used to form a hydrogen product stream. The hydrogen-depleted crude synthesis gas is then combusted to heat the incoming oxygen containing feed.

Hydrogen production method

A method of firing a heat consuming device such as a boiler or furnace in which an oxygen transport membrane is integrated with the device such that part of the permeated oxygen supports an initial combustion to heat the incoming air to the oxygen transport membrane system. A remaining portion of the oxygen after having been diluted with flue gases from the boiler supports a secondary combustion of fuel within the heat consuming device.

Firing method for a heat consuming device utilizing oxy-fuel combustion

A method of producing a crude syngas product stream or a syngas product stream by further processing of the crude syngas product stream. Both the crude and syngas product stream comprise carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The crude syngas product stream additionally comprises carbon dioxide and moisture. In accordance with the method, methane in a feed stream is converted into the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in at least two stages, thereby to form a crude syngas stream. An initial stage has an oxygen transport membrane reactor having a catalyst to promote carbon dioxide or steam methane reforming. Since, the conversion is shared between two stages, the oxygen transport membrane reactor can be operated at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid ceramic membrane deterioration due to creep effect. The subsequent stage can be operated at a higher temperature with more favorable equilibrium conditions to complete the conversion of the methane.

Syngas production method utilizing an oxygen transport membrane

A combined method of separating oxygen and for generating power. Oxygen containing stream is compressed and oxygen is separated from the stream into permeate oxygen and an oxygen depleted retentate in an oxygen transport membrane unit. An anode side of the oxygen transport membrane unit is purged with a pressurized purge stream made up of pressurized, superheated steam. A pressurized oxygen product stream is discharged from the anode side of the oxygen transport membrane, the product comprising permeated oxygen and steam. The pressurized oxygen product stream is cooled against itself or the oxygen containing stream. The pressurized oxygen product stream is condensed by indirect heat transfer with a process fluid that boils to allow power to be extracted from the process fluid. Condensed water is separated from the oxygen product stream and separated oxygen is extracted as a product at pressure.

Combined method of separating oxygen and generating power

Methane is formed into synthesis gas through a combination of a partial oxidation reaction and a steam reforming reaction. Oxygen for the partial oxidation reaction is obtained by contacting air with an oxygen transport membrane and recovering the oxygen transported through the membrane. To increase the oxygen flux through the membrane, steam is utilized as a sweep gas on the anode side of the membrane. The steam reduces the oxygen partial pressure on the anode side increasing the flux. The efficiency and cost benefit of the process is enhanced by utilizing in-line combustors to heat gases being delivered to the oxygen transport membrane. Membrane integrity is enhanced by conducting the reactions in a reactor that is remote from the oxygen transport membrane.

Low pressure steam purged chemical reactor including an oxygen transport membrane

In a method for the production of carbon dioxide, an oxygen-containing first process gas is flowed along a cathode side of a first oxygen selective ion transport membrane. The membrane is at operating conditions effective to transport a first permeate oxygen portion from the cathode side to an opposite anode side. A carbon-containing second process gas is flowed along the anode side at a flow rate effective to provide a stoichiometric surplus of oxygen on combination with the first permeate oxygen portion. A first mixture of a second process gas and the first permeate oxygen portion is combusted such that substantially all of the second process gas is converted into a second mixture of water and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is separated from such second mixture.

Method and apparatus for producing carbon dioxide

A method of conducting a process involving the generation of steam in which a hot process stream is generated. The hot process stream can be generated in any manner and can include a burner section of a steam methane reformer, a gas turbine of an integrated combined cycle, a combustion chamber used to pre-heat incoming air and oxygen for a blast furnace, an oxygen transport membrane system, and a gas turbine or natural gas engine that provided to compress air in a cryogenic air separation unit. Heat from the hot process stream is transferred to a thermoacoustic engine to recover work at high temperatures and to generate an intermediate temperature process stream therefrom. The intermediate temperature process stream is introduced to a steam generator to generate the steam.

Work recovery from process involving steam generation

A cryogenic vessel system for containing cryogenic fluid wherein heat leak into the vessel interior is counteracted by refrigeration generated from energy provided by a pulse generator.

Cryogenic vessel system with pulse tube refrigeration

A system for providing refrigeration to a heat load, especially over a larger temperature range and at a cryogenic temperature, wherein pulse tube refrigeration cools a heat transfer medium to provide higher level refrigeration to a refrigeration fluid, and lower level refrigeration is provided to the refrigeration fluid using a non-pulse tube system.

System for providing cryogenic refrigeration using an upstream pulse tube refrigerator

An exothermic reaction and an endothermic reaction are thermally combined in a reactor having at least one oxygen selective ion transport membrane that provides the exothermic reaction with oxygen from an oxygen-containing gas such as air. The thermal requirements of the endothermic reaction are satisfied by the exothermic reaction. Dependent on the reactor design employed, the exothermic and endothermic reactions may be gaseously combined.

Process for producing a syngas

A method of separating oxygen from an oxygen containing gas with a composite membrane capable of conducting oxygen ions and electrons. In accordance with the method, the composite membrane is subjected to an operational temperature and the oxygen containing gas at a cathode side thereof. The composite membrane has a dense layer, at least one active porous layer contiguous to the dense layer, and at least one porous support layer. The active porous layer has a thickness and a distribution of pore radii. The distribution of pore radii has a standard deviation from a theoretical radius that would produce a maximum operation flux through the thickness when the thickness is about equal to a product of a constant and the square root of the theoretical radius. The constant is a function of a material used to fabricate the active porous layer, the operational temperature and an oxygen partial pressure within the active porous layer, and a porosity and a tortuosity produced by the pore radii. The standard deviation of the log of the theoretical radius is equal to a product of 1.45 and a shape factor, the shape factor being greater than 0 and no greater than about 0.5.

Method of separating oxygen with the use of composite ceramic membranes

An oxygen separator and method for separating oxygen from a heated oxygen containing gas that employs oxygen-selective ceramic membranes of elongated, tubular configuration within a duct for separation of oxygen from a heated gas. The duct can be attached between the exhaust of a gas turbine and a power generator driven by the exhaust or can be connected to one or more burners of a gas turbine. Supplementary compressed feed air may be added at a flow rate at least equal to that of the permeated oxygen for cooling and flow balancing purposes. A purge stream can also be introduced. Additionally, combustor tubes fabricated from an oxygen-selective ceramic membrane material may also be provided to produce combustion products that in turn can be used as a purge for downstream oxygen-selective ceramic membranes.

Growing community of inventors

Clarence, NY, United States of America

Christian Friedrich Gottzmann