Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Carmel—haifa University Economic Corp Ltd.

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Li-Huei Tsai

Emery Neal Brown

Anthony James Martorell

Hannah Iaccarino

Yaacov Rozenblum

Elham Taha

A method includes administering a non-invasive stimulus to a subject having a frequency of about 35 Hz to about 45 Hz to induce synchronized gamma oscillations in at least one brain region of the subject.

Methods and devices for providing a stimulus to a subject to induce gamma oscillations

Methods for treating depression in, and decreasing a dose of ketamine given to, a subject in need thereof, comprising, administering a CaMKII inhibitor are provided.

Methods for treating depression and major depressive disorder

Devices, systems, and methods for treating dementia or Alzheimer's disease in a subject in need thereof. In one example, chronic visual stimuli having a frequency of about 30 Hz to about 50 Hz, and more specifically about 40 Hz, are non-invasively delivered to the subject to entrain gamma oscillations in multiple brain regions of the subject, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus. The entrained gamma oscillations modulate neuronal activity across multiple brain regions (e.g., facilitate functional binding of neural networks at low gamma frequencies) to induce various neuroprotective effects (e.g., amelioration of amyloid plaques and tau hyper-phosphorylation) and reduce neurodegeneration. Neuronal activity mediated by the chronic visual stimuli reduces an immune response in microglia and ameliorates aberrantly modified genes and proteins involved in membrane trafficking, intracellular transport, synaptic function, neuroinflammation and DNA damage response. Behavior modification including enhanced learning and memory is observed.

Systems and methods for preventing, mitigating, and/or treating dementia via visual stimulation that binds higher order brain regions, reduces neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, and improves cognitive function

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for at least one of preventing, reducing, and treating a level of or change in at least one of amyloid-&#x3b2; (A&#x3b2;) peptide, C-terminal fragment-&#x3b2; (&#x3b2;-CTF), &#x3b2;-secretase (BACE1), &#x3b3;-secretase, neuroinflammation, and/or dementia (e.g., Alzheimer's disease or age-related decline) in a subject by inducing synchronized gamma oscillations in the brain of the subject using, for example, a stimulus-emitting device to emit a stimulus (e.g., light, sound, and/or haptic) at a frequency (e.g., about 40 Hz) that synchronously activates in vivo a specific cell type (e.g., fast-spiking-parvalbumin (FS-PV) immunoreactive interneurons) and/or brain region (e.g., a sensory cortex and/or hippocampus) of the subject.

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Somerville, MA, United States of America

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