Idaho Research Foundation, Inc.

Micron Technology Incorporated

Battelle Memorial Institute

Other

The United States of America As Represented by the United States

Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC

Areva Np Gmbh

University of Idaho

Lcw Supercritical Technologies Corporation

Chien M Wai

Hiroyuki Ohde

Steve Kramer

Yuehe Lin

Horng-Bin Pan

Neil G Smart

Stephen J Kramer

Darrell R Fisher

Neil Graham Smart

Kenneth E Laintz

Cindy Phelps

Xiaoyuan Chen

Robert Vincent Fox

Bruce J Mincher

Milton Blander

Zoltan Nagy

Sydney S Koegler

Donna L Baek

Mary Ellen Case

Clive Yen

Qingyong Lang

Gary A Gill

Fred H Hunt

Li-Jung Kuo

Sadik Elshani

Nicholas R Natale

Kenneth Laintz

Yak Hwa Kwang

Youichi Enokida

Extraction of platinum-group elements, e.g. Pd, by adsorption from acidic aqueous solutions, using chelating acrylic fibers having amidoxime substituents followed by recovery by elution with an HCl-thiourea solution. From about 10% to 100% of the acrylic fiber CN are converted to amidoxime by reaction with NHOH (hydroxylamine) in HO/MeOH solution in the range of 30&#xb0; C.-90&#xb0; C. for from 15 min to 72 hrs. The adsorptive loading of elements onto the fiber and the efficiency of elution therefrom is substantially 100%, in multiple cycles of adsorption/elution. The novel fiber/extraction process is rapid, lending it to a continuous recovery operation. A portion of the CN groups of may be converted to carboxylate groups by reaction with NaOH. Short lengths of fiber are loaded into a vertical column and the pregnant solution introduced. Upon breakthrough, the fibers may be eluted, washed and recycled hundreds of times without removal from the column.

Extraction and recovery of Pd from aqueous solutions

A metals-adsorbent PAN fiber comprising a carbon chain backbone and amidoxime, carboxylate, and nitrile pendant groups. No ester groups are present. The inventive fiber is used for removing metals, including toxic metals, from fresh water, including rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, drinking water from wells and other sources, and industrial discharge waste waters, in a pH range of 3-10, and preferably at slightly acidic conditions in the range of pH 5-6. Metals that can be removed include heavy and toxic metals, such as Sc, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Yb, Cd, Cs, Pb, La, Ce, Nd, Eu, Zn, Tb and U. The adsorbed metals can be removed from the fiber by acidic elution and recovered. The fiber can be rinsed and reused.

Extracting metals from fresh water with amidoxime-carboxylate adsorbents

A fiber comprising a carbon chain backbone and amidoxime, carboxylate, and nitrile pendant groups. The fiber may be used for removing uranium from seawater and toxic metals from drinking water.

Converting acrylic fibers to amidoxime-carboxylate containing polymer adsorbents for sequestering uranium and other elements from water

A method of recovering rare earth elements from a rare earth-containing material comprises contacting the rare earth-containing material with a solution formulated and configured to dissolve rare earth elements from the rare earth-containing material and form a solution including a plurality of rare earth elements dissolved therein. The method further includes exposing the solution including the plurality of rare earth elements dissolved therein to one of a liquefied gas or a supercritical fluid to isolate the rare earth elements from each other. Related methods of removing and purifying rare earth elements from materials and phosphor lamps are also disclosed.

Methods of recovering rare earth elements from a material

Methods of increasing the solubility of a base in supercritical carbon dioxide include forming a complex of a Lewis acid and the base, and dissolving the complex in supercritical carbon dioxide. The Lewis acid is soluble in supercritical carbon dioxide, and the base is substantially insoluble in supercritical carbon dioxide. Methods for increasing the solubility of water in supercritical carbon dioxide include dissolving an acid or a base in supercritical carbon dioxide to form a solution and dissolving water in the solution. The acid or the base is formulated to interact with water to solubilize the water in the supercritical carbon dioxide. Some compositions include supercritical carbon dioxide, a hydrolysable metallic compound, and at least one of an acid and a base. Some compositions include an alkoxide and at least one of an acid and a base.

Methods of increasing the solubility of materials in supercritical carbon dioxide

Compositions comprising supercritical carbon dioxide and metallic compounds

Metal and/or silicon oxides are produced by hydrolysis of alkoxide precursors in the presence of either an acid catalyst or a base catalyst in a supercritical fluid solution. The solubility of the acid catalysts in the supercritical fluid can be increased by complexing the catalyst with a Lewis base that is soluble in the supercritical fluid. The solubility of the base catalysts in the supercritical fluid can be increased by complexing the catalyst with a Lewis acid that is soluble in the supercritical fluid. The solubility of water in the solution is increased by the interaction with the acid or base catalyst.

Formation of insulator oxide films with acid or base catalyzed hydrolysis of alkoxides in supercritical carbon dioxide

A method for depositing one or more materials on a substrate, such as for example, a semiconductor substrate that includes providing the substrate; applying a polymer film to at least a portion of a surface of the substrate; and exposing the semiconductor substrate to a supercritical fluid containing at least one reactant for a time sufficient for the supercritical fluid to swell the polymer and for the at least one reactant to penetrate the polymer film. The reactant is reacted to cause the deposition of the material on at least a portion of the substrate. The substrate is removed from the supercritical fluid, and the polymer film is removed. The process permits the precise deposition of materials without the need for removal of excess material using chemical, physical, or a combination of chemical and physical removal techniques.

Method of selectively depositing materials on a substrate using a supercritical fluid

Embodiments of a method and a system for recovering a metal, such as uranium, from a metal-containing material are disclosed. The metal-containing material is exposed to an extractant containing a liquid or supercritical-fluid solvent and an acid-base complex including an oxidizing agent and a complexing agent. Batches of the metal-containing material are moved through a series of stations while the extractant is moved through the stations in the opposite direction. After the extraction step, the metal is separated from the solvent, the complexing agent and/or other metals by exposing the extract to a stripping agent in a countercurrent stripping column. The complexing agent and the solvent exit the column and are separated from each other by reducing the pressure. The recovered complexing agent is recharged with fresh oxidizing agent and recombined with fresh or recovered solvent to form a recovered extractant, which is distributed through the extraction stations.

Method and system for recovering metal from metal-containing materials

The invention includes a method of forming a metal-containing film over a surface of a semiconductor substrate. The surface is exposed to a supercritical fluid. The supercritical fluid has H, at least one H-activating catalyst, and at least one metal-containing precursor dispersed therein. A metal-containing film is formed across the surface of the semiconductor substrate from metal of the at least one metal-containing precursor. The invention also includes semiconductor constructions having metal-containing layers which include one or more of copper, cobalt, gold and nickel in combination with one or more of palladium, platinum, iridium, rhodium and ruthenium.

Semiconductor constructions comprising a layer of metal over a substrate

Semiconductor constructions

Methods of forming metal-containing films over surfaces of semiconductor substrates

Improved methods for the extraction or dissolution of metals, metalloids or their oxides, especially lanthanides, actinides, uranium or their oxides, into supercritical solvents containing an extractant are disclosed. The disclosed embodiments specifically include enhancing the extraction or dissolution efficiency with ultrasound. The present methods allow the direct, efficient dissolution of UOor other uranium oxides without generating any waste stream or by-products.

Ultrasound enhanced process for extracting metal species in supercritical fluids

The invention includes a method of forming a metal-containing film over a surface of a semiconductor substrate. The surface is exposed to a supercritical fluid. The supercritical fluid has H , at least one H -activating catalyst, and at least one metal-containing precursor dispersed therein. A metal-containing film is formed across the surface of the semiconductor substrate from metal of the at least one metal-containing precursor. The invention also includes semiconductor constructions having metal-containing layers which include one or more of copper, cobalt, gold and nickel in combination with one or more of palladium, platinum, iridium, rhodium and ruthenium.

Methods of forming metal-containing films over surfaces of semiconductor substrates; and semiconductor constructions

Growing community of inventors

Moscow, ID, United States of America

Chien M Wai