US Government As Represented by the Secretary of the Army

The Clorox Company

Cerla N.v.

Chester W Marynowski

Maria A Geigel

Robert G Murray

Charles E Lapple

Konrad T Semrau

F Michael Lewis

An isocyanate compound of the general formula R(NCO).sub.n, wherein R is her an aliphatic or an aromatic radical or a combination of both, and n is 1 or a larger integer is prepared by the process comprising dissolving in a high temperature boiling point solvent contained in an agitated, jacketed reactor vessel, an amine of the formula R(NH.sub.2).sub.n, completing a hydrochlorination and precipitation step to form a colloidal suspension of microcrystalline salt particles of amine hydrochloride salt R(NH.sub.2).sub.n.nHCl, introducing oxalyl chloride with agitation and by subsurface injection into the amine hydrochloride salt solution to form an intermediate of amine oxamyl chloride in situ which is thermally decomposed to yield an isocyanate of the general formula R(NCO).sub.n, and separating and purifying the isocyanate by distillation. The unreacted oxalyl chloride and high temperature reaction solvent are recovered by distillation and by absorption from the HCl by-product and are recycled. The by-product HCl is also partially recycled and used for hydrochlorination.

Isocyanates from oxalyl chloride and amines

Diperoxyacids are unstable compounds, and processes for their production have normally provided relatively low product throughputs per reactor vessel volume. The present invention is a method for making diperoxyacids in which formation of the diperoxyacids is controlled and a high solids throughput may be achieved. The inventive method includes a controlling step wherein a reaction solids phase is maintained at not greater than about 36 wt. % of a reaction system, more preferably maintained at about 12 wt. % to about 36 wt. %.

Controlled crystallization diperoxyacid process

The staging or compounding of drag-type turbines having a high energy input is herein accomplished by disposing successive stages of a drag turbine in radially offset relation, i.e., nested relationship with nozzles between radially displaced stages mounted either in fixed spatial position or mounted for rotation with the upstream rotor and providing either like or opposite directions of rotation of successive stages. The successive radial stages of the present invention are separately coupled to coaxial drive shafts which, in turn, may be appropriately coupled to rotary output means in a conventional manner to provide the output power and high efficiency of the multistaged turbine.

Radially staged drag turbine

Growing community of inventors

Mountain View, CA, United States of America

Chester W Marynowski