Apple Inc.

Chenhua You

Jun Qi

Victor H Yin

Rong Liu

Mookyung Son

Daming Xu

Zhenyue Luo

Joshua A Spechler

Qingbing Wang

Wei Chen

Jean-Jacques P Drolet

Wenyong Zhu

Xinyu Zhu

Ling Han

Heesang Suh

Yufeng Yan

Hung Sheng Lin

Mingxia Gu

Ziruo Hong

Juan He

Suraj P Gorkhali

Janos C Keresztes

Sheng Min Wang

John Z Zhong

Cheng Kai Chen

Gabriel G Marcu

Florence W Ow

Marc Albrecht

Jiaying Wu

Yi Huang

Lu Zhang

David Andrew Doyle

Young Cheol Yang

Chuan Pu

Yu P Sun

Christopher Edward Glazowski

Adria Fores Herranz

Eric Lee Benson

Tavys Q Ashcroft

Yanming Li

Meizi Jiao

Wei Lv

Corey S Provencher

Chungjae Lee

Sherry Cao

Morteza Amoorezaei

Pee Khiam So

Shin-Ying Lu

Benjamin M Oztalay

Shaofeng Liu

Edward H Kang

Shan-Ting Hsu

Fan-Chung Hsu

Shengmin Wang

Jeremy L Britt

A display may have a pixel array such as a liquid crystal pixel array. The pixel array may be illuminated with backlight illumination from a direct-lit backlight unit. The backlight unit may include an array of light-emitting diodes on a printed circuit board. The backlight unit may include first, second, and third light spreading layers formed over the array of light-emitting diodes. A color conversion layer may be formed over the first, second, and third light spreading layers. First and second brightness enhancement films may be formed over the color conversion layer.

Displays with direct-lit backlight units

An electronic device may have a camera. The camera may capture still and moving images. A camera status indicator may be included in the electronic device. The camera status indicator may emit light to indicate when the camera is in use capturing video or other images. The camera status indicator may have multiple light-emitting devices such as light-emitting diodes or lasers. The light-emitting devices may have different colors. Clear encapsulant may cover the light-emitting devices. A white polymer wall or other light recycling structure may run along an outer peripheral edge of the encapsulant. A light diffusing coating layer may coat an outer surface of the clear encapsulant. Light reflections from the status indicator may be reduced in captured images.

Electronic device with camera status indicator

A display may have a pixel array such as a liquid crystal pixel array. The pixel array may be illuminated with backlight illumination from a direct-lit backlight unit. The backlight unit may include an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on a printed circuit board. The display may have a notch to accommodate an input-output component. Reflective layers may be included in the notch. The backlight may include a color conversion layer with a property that varies as a function of position. The light-emitting diodes may be covered by a slab of encapsulant with recesses in an upper surface.

Direct-lit backlight units with optical films

A display may have a pixel array such as a liquid crystal pixel array. The pixel array may be illuminated with backlight illumination from a backlight unit. The backlight unit may include a printed circuit board, a plurality of light-emitting diodes mounted on the printed circuit board, at least one light spreading layer formed over the printed circuit board that spreads light received from the plurality of light-emitting diodes, a partially reflective layer formed over the at least one light spreading layer, a color conversion layer formed over the partially reflective layer, a collimating layer formed over the color conversion layer, a brightness enhancement film formed over the collimating layer, and a diffuser formed over the brightness enhancement film. The at least one light spreading layer may include two light spreading layers with elongated protrusions that are rotated relative to each other.

Displays with direct-lit backlight units and color conversion layers

An electronic device may include display layers such as liquid crystal display layers and a backlight unit that provides illumination for the display layers. The backlight unit may include light-emitting diodes that emit light into the edge of a light guide film. To minimize the inactive area of the display, the light-emitting diodes may be tightly spaced to approximate a line light source instead of point light sources. Color and/or luminance compensation layers may be incorporated at various locations within the backlight structures to ensure that the backlight provided to the display layers is homogenous. A thin-film transistor layer of the display may be coupled to a printed circuit board by a flexible printed circuit. The flexible printed circuit may have additional solder mask layers to improve robustness, may include encapsulation, and may have traces with a varying pitch.

Electronic device display with a backlight

An electronic device may be provided with a display having a backlight with light sources of different colors. The electronic device may include a color ambient light sensor that measures the color of ambient light and control circuitry that adjusts the color of light emitted from the backlight based on the color of ambient light. The light sources may include at least first and second light-emitting diodes that emit light having different color temperatures. The control circuitry may adjust the intensity of light emitted from the first light-emitting diode relative to the intensity of light emitted from the second light-emitting diode to produce a backlight color that more closely matches the color of ambient light. The first and second light-emitting diodes may include an ultraviolet light-emitting diode die and a blue light-emitting diode die that are mounted in a common semiconductor package.

Display with ambient-adaptive backlight color

Quantum dot backlights for use in displays and processes for controlling the dimming of quantum dot backlights are provided. The backlight can include an LED (e.g., a blue LED) configured to emit a light through a sheet of quantum dots. The quantum dots can be configured to emit colored light (e.g., red and green light) in response to the light emitted from the LED. To control the relative luminance of the LED, the backlight can be controlled through the use of current dimming to adjust the brightness of the LED at high relative luminance settings to increase the light output efficiency and can include the use of pulse width modulation to adjust the brightness of the LED at low relative luminance settings to reduce the amount of wavelength shift experienced by the LED.

Backlight dimming control for a display utilizing quantum dots

An electronic device may have a display such as a liquid crystal display. The display may have an array of pixels that display images to a user. Backlight structures may provide the array of pixels with backlight illumination at a backlight illumination level. The backlight structures may have a light source with an array of light-emitting diodes and photoluminescent material that is pumped by pump light from the light-emitting diodes. The backlight illumination may experience color variations as a function of the backlight illumination level. Circuitry in the electronic device may be used to implement a backlight level color compensator. The backlight level color compensator may apply color correction factors to the image data of the displayed images to compensate for variations in color of the image data due to variations in backlight illumination level and operating temperature.

Display with backlight and temperature color compensation

A display may have an array of pixels that display images for a user. The backlight unit may have a light-guide layer. An array of light-emitting diodes may emit light into an edge of the light-guide layer. The light guide layer may overlap a backlight reflector. The backlight reflector may include a backlight reflector panel formed from a stack of dielectric layers on a rectangular substrate. The backlight reflector may also include a strip of backlight reflector tape having an edge that is overlapped by an edge portion of the backlight reflector panel. Color compensating features such as printed colored ink patterns may be formed on the backlight reflector to adjust the color of backlight illumination in portions of the backlight unit adjacent to the light-emitting diodes.

Liquid crystal display with backlight color compensation structures

A display device is provided. The display device includes a light source emitting a blue light and a light emitting layer including a first group of red quantum dots and a second group of green quantum dots. The light emitting layer is configured to absorb a first portion of the blue light from the light source to emit red light and green light and to transmit a second portion of the blue light. The display device also includes dichroic filter layers to improve light recycling and backlight efficiency.

Quantum dot-enhanced display having dichroic filter

A display has an array of display pixels formed from display layers such as one or more polarizer layers, a substrate on which an array of display pixel elements such as color filter elements and downconverter elements are formed, a liquid crystal layer, and a thin-film transistor layer that includes display pixel electrodes and display pixel thin-film transistors for driving control signals onto the display pixel electrodes to modulate light passing through the display pixels. A light source such as one or more laser diodes or light-emitting diodes may be used to generate light for the display. The light may be launched into the edge of a polymer layer or other light guide plate structure. A light guide plate may include phase-matched structures such as holographically recorded gratings or photonic lattices that direct the light upwards through the array of display pixels.

Display having backlight with narrowband collimated light sources

Display backlight structures may provide backlight illumination that passes through display layers in the display. Light-emitting diodes may emit blue light into an edge of a light guide plate. Optical films may overlap the light guide plate. The optical films may include a quantum dot enhancement film. A peripheral strip of yellow reflector or other light control structures may be incorporated into the backlight structures to reduce blue edge effects. The light control structures may have features with a spatially varying density, may be formed from quantum dot enhancement film, or may be formed form other structures. The light control structures may be formed on the surfaces of the optical films, on a reflective layer under the light guide plate, or on a surface of a mold frame or other structure that lies in a plane parallel to the plane of the light guide plate.

Display with structures for reducing blue edge effects

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San Jose, CA, United States of America

Chenhua You