International Business Machines Corporation

Other

Charles H Bennett

Ralph Linsker

Nancy J Kapp

David Peter DiVincenzo

Mavis Donkor

Stephen J Wiesner

A wearable video recording system with time-bracketed authentication is provided and includes a article, including a spine, wearable by a user, a recording device, supported on the spine, to generate a recording of a scene, an affecter subsystem, supported on the spine, to influence the scene being recorded with unpredictable data and an untrusted controller coupled to the recording device and the affecter subsystem, the untrusted controller being receptive of the unpredictable data, which the untrusted controller communicates to the affecter subsystem, and being configured to transmit at least hashed digests of the recording to one or more repositories.

Wearable time-bracketed video authentication

A high level of security for access to recorded information is provided by a method which includes provisioning of a trusted/protected communication linkage such as a tamper-resistant or tamper evident enclosure, a physical close coupling between information source and encryption processor and/or obfuscated code or end-to-end network encryption and encryption, possibly symmetrical, of the information to be recorded by a preferably random session key or segment key. The session key or segment key may then be encrypted, preferably asymmetrically, by a secure key which may be shared or access thereto shared in accordance with any desired security policy. Use of a public key or public key/private key infrastructure also provides for authentication of the recorded information.

Access-controlled encrypted recording method for site, interaction and process monitoring

Access-controlled encrypted recording system for site, interaction and process monitoring

An apparatus and method produce a videotape or other recording that cannot be pre- or post-dated, nor altered, nor easily fabricated by electronically combining pre-recorded material. In order to prevent such falsification, the camera or other recording apparatus periodically receives certifiably unpredictable signals ('challenges') from a trusted source, causes these signals to influence the scene being recorded, then periodically forwards a digest of the ongoing digital recording to a trusted repository. The unpredictable challenges prevent pre-dating of the recording before the time of the challenge, while the storage of a digest prevents post-dating of the recording after the time the digest was received by the repository. Meanwhile, the interaction of the challenge with the evidence being recorded presents a formidable obstacle to real-time falsification of the scene or system, forcing the would-be falsifier to simulate or render the effects of this interaction in the brief time interval between arrival of the challenge and archiving of the digest at the repository.

Digital recording system with time-bracketed authentication by on-line

A method and apparatus authenticates and provides non-reputability for analog messages which renders it impossible for a person, including the recipient, who is not in possession of a (cryptographic) key belonging to the claimed sender, to forge the message. The recipient is able to verify that the sender possessed the correct key, and a third party (judge) can establish whether the message was forged or not. This is accomplished by interposing a digital signature generator/verifier/recorder (DS-GVR) module in the sending apparatus, such as a facsimile machine. The receiver, using another DS-GVR, can verify that a received document comes from the purported sender and has not been altered enroute. The receiver's DS-GVR module can be made to produce a machine-readable record of the signed transmission. Retention of such a machine-readable record by the receiver prevents the sender from repudiating legitimate messages, because it enables the receiver to prove to a third party such as a judge that the corresponding message was generated by the sender and not by the receiver.

Digital signature generator /verifier/ recorder (DS-GVR) for analog

A method and apparatus authenticates and provides non-repudiability for analog messages which renders it impossible for a person, including the recipient, who is not in possession of a (cryptographic) key belonging to the claimed sender, to forge the message. The recipient is able to verify that the sender possessed the correct key, and a third party (judge) can establish whether the message was forged or not. This is accomplished by interposing a digital signature generator/verifier/recorder (DS-GVR) module in the sending apparatus, such as a facsimile machine. The receiver, using another DS-GVR, can verify that a received document comes from the purported sender and has not been altered enroute. The receiver's DS-GVR module can be made to produce a machine-readable record of the signed transmission. Retention of such a machine-readable record by the receiver prevents the sender from repudiating legitimate messages, because it enables the receiver to prove to a third party such as a judge that the corresponding message was generated by the sender and not by the receiver.

Digital signature generator/verifier/recorder (DS-GVR) for analog

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses non-orthogonal quantum states to distribute random information, suitable for use as a key for encryption and authentication, between two users who share secret information initially, with the assurance, based on the uncertainty principle, that it is unknown to anyone else. The present invention, which can be used with a fiberoptic channel or an unguided light beam, differs from previous QKD schemes in using macroscopic signals instead of single photons. The invention solves the problem of stray light and cost by using signals which are more efficient, and less noisy than photon-counting detectors at the wavelengths where optical fibers are most transparent.

Quantum key distribution using non-orthogonal macroscopic signals

An apparatus and method for distributing cryptographic key information is described incorporating a quantum channel for conveying dim and reference light pulses, a timing channel, a source of coherent light pulses, beamsplitters, a random number generator, a phase modulator and a memory for recording the phase of transmitted dim light pulses. A cryptographic key receiver is described incorporating beam splitters, a random number generator, a phase modulator, a detector and a memory for recording the phase of received dim light pulses. The invention overcomes the problem of distributing fresh cryptographic key information between two users who share no secret information initially.

Interferometric quantum cryptographic key distribution system

A smoke and pollutant filtering device comprising a mask having a filter composed of a series of contiguous, serial layers of filtering material. The filter consists of front and rear gas permeable covers, a first filter layer of pressed vegetable matter, a second filter layer comprising a layer of activated charcoal adjacent a layer of aqua filter floss, a third filter comprising a gas permeable cloth situated between layers of pressed vegetable matter, and a fourth filter layer comprising an aqua filter floss. The first through fourth filter layers are sandwiched between the front and rear gas permeable covers. The filtering device is stitched together and mounted within a fire-retardant hood shaped to fit over a human head. Elastic bands are included in the hood to maintain the hood snugly about the head when worn.

Smoke and pollutant filtering device

A reusable, pocket-size container, having a chamber for holding a shaving lather and adapted to be gripped by the hand of the shaver, has an open-ended well in its upper end which is separated from the lather chamber and configured to receive a disposable safety razor comprising a stem and an overhanging shaving head. The stem is withdrawable from stored position within the well to a raised position in which it is automatically held in shaving position. It can also be completely withdrawn from the well to permit the replacement of a fully used razor with another. A device is provided to dispense lather from the chamber and a cap is provided for the top of the container to house the components when the device is not in use.

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Croton-On-Hudson, NY, United States of America

Charles H Bennett