Culligan International Company

Ecotech, LLC

Charles E Grix

Arthur Katzakian

Donald C McGehee

Frank A Brigano

Henry Cheung

Processes for deionization and demineralization of a fluid containing ions comprising: (a) Loading an amine or ammonia buffer onto a first weakly acidic cation exchange resin to occupy cation exchange sites and to form a first bed comprising a first amine-buffered resin; (b) Passing said fluid containing ions through said first bed comprising said first amine-buffered resin and exchanging cations of said fluid for amine cations of said first amine-buffered resin to form a first effluent comprising an anion-buffer salt complex; (c) Passing said anion-buffer salt complex through a first weakly basic anion exchange resin where an anion portion of said anion-buffer salt complex is split from said anion-buffer salt complex by adsorption of said anion portion onto said weakly basic anion exchange resin to form a second effluent comprising buffer in free hydrated base form; (d) Passing said buffer in free hydrated base form to a second weakly acidic cation exchange resin where said buffer loads onto said second weakly acidic cation exchange resin as in step (a) and repeating the process of steps (b)-(d); and (e) Regenerating said first weakly acidic cation exchange resin with an organic acid.

Processes for deionization and demineralization of fluids

An ignitable solid gas generating composition comprises a polyalkylammonium binder, usually polyvinylamine nitrate or polyethyleneimmonium nitrate, an oxidizer mixture comprising ammonium nitrate and a first additive which produces an eutectic melt which is liquid at a temperature well below the melting point of the ammonium nitrate as well as that of the first additive, and an additional quantity of the ammonium nitrate and a second additive. Further, combustion modifier additives may be added to the composition.

Solid solution vehicle airbag clean gas generator propellant

Processes for deionization and demineralization of a fluid containing ions comprising:

A composition for regenerating spent weak cation exchange resin and a method of utilization including salts of .alpha.-hydroxy carboxylic acids or o-hydroxy benzoic acids. The following steps are employed in cyclically regenerating polycarboxylic acid cation exchange resins: (a) utilizing a charged or alkali metal salt of polycarboxylate acid cation resin to soften water; (b) regenerating the spent resin in one step with an active regenerant of the .alpha.-hydroxy carboxylic acids or o-hydroxy benzoic acids to produce spent regenerant; (c) precipitating the polyvalent hard ions in the spent regenerant with sodium or potassium carbonate to reform the active regenerant; (d) separating the precipitate; and (e) concentrating the dilute active regenerate solution to its approximate initial concentration and recovering of water for process rinses.

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Sacramento, CA, United States of America

Charles E Grix