Agilent Technologies, Inc.

Avago Technologies General IP (singapore) Pte. Ltd.

Avago Technologies Fiber IP (singapore) Pte. Ltd

Other

Avago Technologies Ecbu IP (singapore) Pte. Ltd.

Kent State University

Avago Technologies General IP Pte, Ltd.

Avago Technologies Fiber IP Pte Ltd.

Charles D Hoke

Ken A Nishimura

Brian Elliot Lemoff

Rene P Helbing

Julie Elizabeth Fouquet

Dale W Schroeder

Christopher Ryan Moon

Peter R Robrish

Yang Han

Ramakrishna Kakarala

John Stewart Wenstrand

Susan Hunter

Andrew Ghetler

Andreas G Weber

Ian Hardcastle

Miao Zhu

William R Trutna, Jr

John Phillip Ertel

Barry S Bronson

Philip J Bos

Richard Paul Tella

Thomas Allen Knotts

S Jeffrey Rosner

Douglas Sojourner

Varun Raghunathan

Jianlin Li

Gongjian Hu

Yuri Beregovski

Pierre H Hertz

An apparatus and method for generating a mid-infrared region image of a specimen are disclosed. The apparatus includes a mid-infrared region laser that generates a first light beam, and a stage adapted to carry a specimen to be scanned. An optical assembly focuses the first light beam to a point on the specimen. A first light detector measures a first intensity of light leaving the point on the specimen. A stage actuator assembly causes the specimen to move relative to the point in two dimensions. A controller forms a mid-infrared region image from the first intensity. The image can be based on reflected or transmitted light. The maximum size of the imaged area is determined by a scanning assembly that moves in a first direction relative to the stage, the stage moving in a direction orthogonal to the first direction.

Mid-infrared scanning system

An ATR scanner and method for calibrating the same are disclosed. The scanner includes an ATR objective having a reflecting face and an optical port adapted to receive a first light beam, and to focus the first light beam to a point, at a location on the reflecting face such that the first light beam is reflected by the reflecting face and no portion of the first light beam strikes the reflecting face at an angle greater than the critical angle. A detector measures an intensity of light reflected from the reflecting face. A controller controls the location of the focal point and determines an intensity of light that was incident on the reflecting face as a function of the position on the reflecting face and an intensity of light that was reflected from the reflecting face as a function of position on the reflecting face.

Calibration system for attenuated total reflection spectrometry

An imaging scanner and a method for using the same are disclosed. The scanner includes a variable attenuator adapted to receive a light beam generated by a MIR laser and that generates an attenuated light beam therefrom characterized by an attenuation level. The scanner includes an optical assembly that focuses the attenuated light beam to a point on a specimen. A light detector measures an intensity of light leaving the point on the specimen, the light detector being characterized by a detector dynamic range. A controller forms a plurality of MIR images from the intensity as a function of position on the specimen, each of the plurality of MIR images being formed with a different level of attenuation of the light beam. The controller combines the plurality of MIR images to generate a combined MIR image having a dynamic range greater than the detector dynamic range.

High dynamic range infrared imaging spectroscopy

A scanner and an attenuated total reflection (ATR) objective for use in such scanners are disclosed. The ATR objective includes first and second optical elements and an input port. The input port receives an input collimated light beam that is focused to a point on a planar face of the first optical element by the second optical element such that substantially all of that portion is reflected by the planar face and no portion of the input beam strikes the planar face at an angle less than the critical angle. The second optical element also generates an output collimated light beam from light reflected from the planar thce that is characterized by a central ray that is coincident with the central ray of the input collimated light beam. A light beam converter receives the first collimated light beam and generates the input collimated light beam therefrom.

Infrared spectrometer and scanner utilizing attenuated total reflection

An external cavity laser and method for operating same are disclosed. The external cavity laser includes a gain chip, a grating, an actuator and actuator driver. The grating diffracts light leaving the gain chip in a band of wavelengths back to the gain chip, the grating is characterized by an angle relative to light leaving the gain chip and distance from the gain chip, the angle and distance is controlled by the actuator. Part of the diffracted light is amplified by the gain chip. The actuator driver causes the angle to be dithered about an equilibrium angle in a motion characterized by an amplitude and average frequency. The amplitude of the dithering motion is chosen to either excite a plurality of adjacent laser modes of the gain chip or provide a servo signal for maintaining the grating angle at a target value.

Method and apparatus to reduce noise caused by mode hopping in external cavity lasers

Two or more spatial filters are used in determining velocity based on speckle translation. A light source may be turned on, turned off, or both for a variable amount of time during operation. The velocity may then be determined with trend identification, correlation, recursive frequency estimation, or measurement bandwidth variation. A confidence level may also be calculated for the measured velocity, and the measured velocity reported or used only when the calculated confidence level meets or exceeds a given value.

Methods and systems for measuring speckle translation with spatial filters

Display contrast in electro-optical display devices is improved using a drive circuit including pixel drive circuits and a common drive circuit. The pixel drive circuits are connected to pixel electrodes of the display device, and are operable to generate respective pixel drive signals that alternate between a first high voltage and a first low voltage differing in voltage by less than or equal to a process-limited maximum. The common drive circuit is connected to a common electrode of the display device, and is operable to generate a common drive signal alternating between a second high voltage and a second low voltage differing in voltage by more than the process-limited maximum. The common drive signal is asymmetrically bipolar with respect to the first low voltage of the pixel drive signal.

Method and apparatus to enhance contrast in electro-optical display devices

A waveguide having a spatially-variable refractive index is disclosed. The waveguide having a spatially-variable refractive index comprises a light-propagating medium and a non-uniform distribution of liquid crystal material in a matrix of dielectric material located in a portion of the light-propagating medium.

Optical waveguide having a core with a polarization-independent, spatially reconfigurable refractive index

A distributed power generation system enabled for assured reliability comprises a direct current power source, a direct current to alternating current converter (DTAC), electrically coupled to the direct current power source, the DTAC comprising a reliability limiting component (RLC) and a sensor for sensing a measurable parameter of the RLC. A decision engine is communicatively coupled to the sensor, and is operable to determine a lifetime estimate for the RLC based on the measurable parameter. A service provider is communicatively coupled to the decision engine by a communication system to receive a signal communicating the lifetime estimate. The service provider schedules preventative maintenance based on the signal communicating the lifetime estimate.

System for assured reliability in DC to AC power converters

First and second substrates are spaced apart and joined around a perimeter to define a gas chamber between the substrates. The first substrate is made of a material that transmits visible radiation. A layer of a phosphor material overlies an interior surface of one of the substrates and is capable of converting UV radiation to visible radiation. A layer of a reflective material overlies an interior surface of the other one of the substrates.

Arc discharge flashlamp

Methods for performing time-domain equalization of an information signal represented by an optical signal are provided. A representative method includes: receiving the optical signal; optically splitting the optical signal into beams; optically delaying at least one of the beams; detecting a plurality of the beams to generate respective electrical signal components; and combining a plurality of the electrical signal components to generate an electrical output signal representing the information signal. Systems and other methods also are provided.

Equalization of optical signals

Embodiments of the invention involve UV resistant liquid crystal cells. One embodiment of the invention is to increase the volume of the liquid crystal material that is stored inside the cell. For example, trenches may be used to provide reservoirs that hold the additional liquid crystal material. The inventive cell can be used as a SLM in photolithographic imaging systems.

Liquid crystal cell that resists degradation from exposure to radiation

A spatial light modulator for use in a photolithography system includes light modulation elements configured to photolithographically transfer an image onto a substrate using an optical oversampling technique to reduce defects in the transferred image. A first set of the light modulation elements is operable to photolithographically transfer a portion of the image onto an area of a substrate, and a second set of the light modulation elements is operable to photolithographically transfer the portion of the image onto the area of the substrate. The spatial light modulator further includes memory elements in communication with respective light modulation elements for storing data representing the portion of the image.

Defect mitigation in spatial light modulator used for dynamic photolithography

A wavelength selective switching device and method for selectively transmitting optical signals based on wavelength utilizes diffraction to spatially separate the optical signals of different wavelengths such that the optical signal of a selected wavelength can be selectively transmitted. The wavelength selective switching device selectively rotates the polarization components of the optical signals such that the polarization states of the polarization components are the same in both incoming and outgoing directions at the diffraction grating. Thus, a diffraction grating with a high grating line frequency (e.g. greater than 900 grating lines per mm for signals in the 1550 nm wavelength range) can be used for diffracting the polarization components of the optical signals in both the incoming and outgoing directions.

Growing community of inventors

Palo Alto, CA, United States of America

Charles D Hoke