Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.

Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Northwestern University

Other

University of Manitoba

Charles Alexander Roberts

Torin C Peck

Krishna R Gunugunuri

Paul Timothy Fanson

Fuminori Mizuno

Benjamin Alan Grayson

Justin M Notestein

Blake A Graham

Dario Prieto-Centurion

Hongfei Jia

Chen Ling

Nikhilendra Singh

Ying Zhang

Keiichi Minami

Johan Alexander Van Lierop

Naoto Nagata

Michael Jones

Mitsuru Sakano

Kimber L Stamm Masias

Vinod K Paidi

Catalyst material comprising a ternary spinel mixed oxide for treatment of an exhaust gas stream via direct decomposition removal of NOx to Nand O. The low temperature (from about 400° C. to about 650° C.), direct decomposition is accomplished without the need of a reductant molecule. In one example, Mn may be incorporated into metal oxide, such as CuCoOspinel oxide, synthesized using co-precipitation techniques.

Catalyst for direct NOx decomposition and a method for making and using the catalyst

A catalyst for direct decomposition removal of NOx from an exhaust gas stream to Nand O, the catalyst comprising a dual dispersed supported metal oxide material, which comprises MOx-CuOx dispersed on a COOspinel oxide support, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Zn, Ce, Mg, Tb, and Gd. The dual dispersed supported metal oxide catalysts have good activity and selectivity for N.

Dual dispersed MOx-CuOx/CoOsupported metal oxide catalysts for direct NOx decomposition

An oxygen storage material (OSM) includes a zinc manganese iron oxide (ZMF) and an alkali metal base on the ZMF surface. The ZMF has a spinel structure. The alkali metal containing ZMF can be formed to have a weight percent of alkali metal up to about two percent. The alkali metal carbonate is retained on the ZMF surface upon heating to a temperature greater than 1,000&#xb0; C. and stabilizes the ZMF to the cycling of an oxygen rich and oxygen lean atmosphere. The OSM additionally catalyzes the oxidation of hydrocarbons and CO and catalyzes the reduction of NOfor use in catalytic converters.

Zinc manganese-iron spinel with an alkali metal stabilizer as an oxygen storage material resistant to rich/lean aging

Catalyst material composed of a sodium incorporated cerium-zirconium based mixed oxide catalyst material, such as Ce&#x2014;Zr/AlO, for oxygen storage capacity applications. The sodium incorporated cerium-zirconium based mixed oxide catalyst material is synthesized by co-precipitation techniques using sodium carbonate as the precipitating agent and exhibits a high oxygen storage capacity.

Mixed oxide catalyst for oxygen storage applications and a method for making the catalyst

Methods of making an iron based catalyst using microwave hydrothermal synthesis are provided. The methods include dissolving iron(III) nitrate, Fe(NO), in an organic solvent to form a solution. Once dissolved, the methods include a step of neutralizing the solution with an alkaline mineralizing agent to obtain a precipitate. The solution with the precipitate is then subjected to microwave radiation to cause a temperature gradient and a hydrothermal crystallization process to form a synthesized product. The synthesized product is subsequently separated from the mineralizing agent. The method includes washing and drying the synthesized product to obtain particles of sodium iron oxide (NaFeO) catalyst that can be used as a composition for a passive NOadsorber. A two-stage NOabatement device for removal of NOfrom an exhaust gas stream during a cold start operation of an internal combustion engine is also provided.

Microwave synthesis of iron oxide catalysts for cold start NOremoval

Catalyst for oxygen storage capacity applications that include a zinc doped manganese-iron spinel mixed oxide material. The zinc doped manganese-iron spinel mixed oxide material may be synthesized by a co-precipitation method using a precipitation agent such as sodium carbonate and exhibits a high oxygen storage capacity.

Zinc doped manganese-iron spinel catalyst material and method of making and using the same

An improved catalyst system is provided for the direct decomposition removal of NOfrom an exhaust gas stream at temperatures between about 350&#xb0; C. and about 600&#xb0; C. that employs an (amorphous CuO)/CoOcatalyst. The catalyst has an amorphous CuOdeposit on the surfaces of particles of CoOspinel oxide. The catalyst is configured to reduce NOto Nwithout the presence of a reductant. The (amorphous CuO)/CoOcatalyst is formed by the precipitation of the deposit from solution onto a suspension of CoOspinel oxide particles. The catalyst system can be employed in a catalytic converter for the direct decomposition removal of NOfrom an exhaust gas stream flowing at a temperature of less than or equal to about 500&#xb0; C.

Direct no decomposition catalyst

NOabatement compositions include cobalt oxide (CoO) doped with cerium, and have an overall formula CoCeO, with cerium occupying tetrahedral and/or octahedral sites in the spinel structure. The NOabatement compositions possess NOstorage and NOdirect decomposition activity. Dual stage NOabatement devices include an upstream portion having the NOabatement composition to adsorb and store NOat low temperature, and then release the NOat higher temperature to a downstream catalytic conversion portion.

Passive NOx adsorption and decomposition

Passive NOadsorption (PNA) compositions have a formula Pd&#x2014;NiFeOwherein Pd represents a palladium component, such as palladium oxide, that is adsorbed on surfaces of the nickel ferrite. Such compositions can be synthesized by wet impregnation of nickel ferrite with a palladium salt, and exhibit efficient NOadsorption at low temperature, with NOdesorption occurring predominantly at high temperature. Two-stage NOabatement catalysts, effective under engine cold start conditions, include a PNA composition upstream from an NOconversion catalyst.

Palladium oxide supported on spinels for NOx storage

Catalysts including multi-transition metal doped copper-cobalt spinel mixed oxide catalyst materials for direct NOdecomposition with selectivity to Nfrom combustion engine exhaust, while minimizing formation of the NO product. In one example, the catalyst may include a ternary zinc-doped copper-cobalt spinel material or a quaternary manganese+zinc doped copper-cobalt spinel material. The catalysts are effective for reducing NO to Nat suitable temperatures of 350-500&#xb0; C., with and without excess Opresence.

Multi-transition metal doped copper-cobalt spinel catalyst material for NOdecomposition

NOabatement compositions have a formula MCuFeO, wherein M is a substitution metal cation that can be any of cobalt, nickel, and zinc; and x is greater than zero and less than one. Such compositions can serve as direct decomposition catalysts and/or passive adsorption/storage components. Methods for synthesizing the compositions include alkaline precipitation of solutions containing nitrate salts of copper, iron, and at least one of cobalt, nickel, and zinc.

Modified ferrite catalysts for direct no decomposition and a method of making and using a catalyst

Active catalysts for the treatment of a low temperature exhaust gas stream are provided containing copper oxides dispersed on a spinel oxide for the direct, lean removal of nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas stream. The low temperature, direct decomposition is accomplished without the need of a reductant molecule. In one example, CuOmay be dispersed as a monolayer on a metal oxide support, such as CoOspinel oxide, synthesized using an incipient wetness impregnation technique. The CuO/CoOcatalyst system converts nitric oxide to nitrogen gas with high product specificity, avoiding the production of a significant concentration of the undesirable NO product.

Copper oxides supported on spinel oxides as catalysts for low temperature direct NOx decomposition

A nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction catalyst that includes a transition metal tungstate having the formula: MWOwherein M is selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu. The catalyst may be utilized in various environments including oxygen rich and oxygen deficient environments.

Metal tungstates for use as nitrogen oxides reduction catalysts

A method to predict the catalytic activity of a metal oxide of formula MOwhere x is a number from 1 to 3 and y is a number from 1 to 8 is provided. The metal of the metal oxide has redox coupled oxidation states wherein the redox transformation is between oxidation states selected from the group consisting of a diamagnetic oxidation state (M) and a paramagnetic oxidation state (M), a paramagnetic oxidation state (M) and a ferromagnetic oxidation state (M), and a paramagnetic oxidation state (M) and an antiferromagnetic oxidation state (Mwhere d, p, f and a are independently numbers from 1 to 6 and one of the oxidation states (M), (M), (M), and (M) is formed by reduction by the O. The magnetic susceptibility of the metal oxide as a sample in an oxygen environment at a specified temperature is correlated with a value of (Mor Mor Mor M)/g (Orich). Then the magnetic susceptibility of the metal oxide as a sample in an oxygen free environment at the specified temperature is measured and correlated with a value of number of (Mor Mor Mor M)/g (Odeficient). The catalytic activity is predicted based on the difference of these two numbers.

Method of magnetic analysis to determine the catalytic activity of metal oxides including nanoceria

A catalyst for direct decomposition of NO and NOto Nand Ohas a CoFeOspinel doped with potassium cations. The catalyst has high activity and good selectivity for Nproduction, when potassium cations are loaded at a density of about 0.9 weight percent. Methods for making the catalyst include wet impregnation of a CoFeOspinel with a solution of potassium cations, such as a KOH solution.

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Farmington Hills, MI, United States of America

Charles Alexander Roberts