Baker Hughes Corporation

Baker Hughes, a Ge Compnay, LLC

Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations LLC

Western Atlas International, Inc.

Carl M Edwards

Daniel T Georgi

Otto N Fanini

Stanislav W Forgang

Songhua Chen

Sebastian Csutak

Antonius M Loermans

Marc Stephen Ramirez

Rocco DiFoggio

Arcady Reiderman

Robert W Adams

Martin Blanz

David R Beard

Lilong Li

Dustin Wade Carr

Joo Tim Ong

Thomas Kruspe

Martin Paul Coronado

Terry R Bussear

Robert Alan Estes

Sheng Fang

Holger Thern

Jinhong Chen

Babak Kouchmeshky

Kent A Byerly

Mohamed Daoud

Steven R Patterson

Alexandr Nikolaevich Vasilevskiy

Graeme S Young

Hyung Tae Kwak

Ryan Rocheleau

Felix Wellmann

Ian Turner

J Tim Ong

Methods and logging systems for performing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging in downhole operations are described. The methods include performing a scout logging acquisition operation using an NMR logging tool to determine NMR logging parameters of a formation interval, setting an NMR logging acquisition mode based on the NMR logging parameters from the scout logging acquisition operation, and performing an NMR data logging operation to determine properties of the formation interval based on the set NMR logging acquisition mode.

Adaptive real-time nuclear magnetic resonance logging for subsurface operations

An apparatus for performing a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement in a borehole penetrating a subsurface formation includes an NMR tool having an outside diameter that is less than an inside diameter of a drill tubular disposed in the borehole, the drill tubular having an opening at the distal end of the drill tubular leading into the borehole, and a retaining device configured to allow at least a section of the NMR tool to protrude through the opening of the drill tubular and prevent an unrestrained release of the NMR tool through the opening. The apparatus also includes a transmitter antenna and a receiver antenna coupled to the NMR tool, wherein the transmitter antenna and/or the receiver antenna are extendable from the NMR tool.

Through-bit reconfigurable NMR logging tool

A method of estimating one or both of compaction or subsidence of a subterranean formation with gravity measurements. The free air gradient at surface is measured and compared with gravity measured in a borehole that intersects the formation. At a later point in time, values for gravity are re-measured, differences between the measured values at the initial point in time, and the later point in time are estimated. The differences are used to estimate the compaction or subsidence. A gravimeter can be used for measuring gravity, markers in the formation can be used in conjunction with the gravimeter.

Estimate of subsidence and compaction with borehole gravity measurements

Methods, systems and devices for estimating a parameter of interest in a borehole. The method may include generating information from an optical displacement device relating to relative motion between two or more reflective surfaces thereof that is indicative of the parameter of interest; and preventing changes in the information resulting from changes at the optical displacement device in at least one of i) temperature, or ii) pressure, by compensating for the changes. Compensating may include adjusting at least one light source generating an electromagnetic beam at least partly received by the optical displacement device responsive to information relating to a control optical displacement device at the optical displacement device. Compensating may include using an optical displacement device and configuring the optical displacement device such that a difference between a first variable gap and a second variable gap is substantially zero while the apparatus is subject to nominal conditions.

Apparatus to reduce pressure and thermal sensitivity of high precision optical displacement sensors

A nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus for estimating properties of an earth formation includes a carrier configured to be deployed in a borehole in the earth formation and at least one transmitting assembly disposed in the carrier and configured to generate an oscillating magnetic field in a volume of interest within the earth formation. The apparatus also includes at least one receiving assembly disposed in the carrier and configured to detect a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal originating in the volume of interest. In this apparatus, the receiving assembly includes at least a first longitudinal region with a loop coil and a butterfly coil, the loop coil central axis being located over a region of the magnet assembly where a static magnetic field is predominantly along an azimuthal direction to the carrier and the butterfly coil being at least partially overlapped with the loop coil to reduce mutual coupling.

Arrays of receive antennas for magnetic resonance measurements

An apparatus for measuring acceleration includes: a reference cavity having a first fixed reflecting surface and a second fixed reflecting surface; a sense cavity having a fixed reflecting surface and a non-fixed reflecting surface, the non-fixed reflecting surface being configured to be displaced when subject to an acceleration force; a light source to illuminate the reference and sense cavities; a controller to vary a wavelength of light emitted by the light source and/or an index of refraction of an optical medium of the cavities; a photodetector to detect light emitted by the reference and sense cavities; an interferometer sensor to measure using the detected light, for each variation of the wavelength of light and/or the index of refraction a reference displacement of the reference cavity and a sense displacement of the sense cavity; and a processor to calculate the acceleration using each of the reference displacements and the sense displacements.

Measuring acceleration using interferometry with reduced environmental effects

An embodiment of an apparatus for estimating a parameter includes a light source configured to emit an optical signal, and an interferometer including a first reflector assembly having at least one reflective surface and a second reflector assembly having a plurality of individual reflective surfaces facing the at least one reflective surface. At least one of the first reflective assembly and the second reflector assembly is moveable in response to a stimulus, the plurality of individual reflective surfaces disposed at a fixed location relative to each other, each individual reflective surface defining a different optical cavity length relative to the first reflector assembly.

Displacement measurements using a multi-cavity sensor

Methods, systems and devices for estimating a parameter of interest in a borehole. The apparatus may include a displacement device configured for displacement responsive to the parameter of interest and environmental noise; a detector array configured to provide information comprising a first signal and a second signal both relating to the displacement; and at least one processor configured to mitigate effects of the environmental noise on the information by determining correlated portions of each corresponding signal representative of effects of common mode elements of the environmental noise on each corresponding signal. The displacement device may be an optical displacement device configured to receive a first electromagnetic beam with a first value of a beam property and a second electromagnetic beam with a second value of the beam property, which comprises a displacement element configured for displacement responsive to the parameter of interest and the environmental noise.

Multichannel correlation analysis for displacement device

The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for acquiring multi-component gravity information for an earth formation. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to estimating the movement of fluid in an earth formation using at least one gravimeter configured to generate multi-component gravity information. The method may include estimating density changes in the earth formation. The method may include estimating a position of the at least one gravimeter. The apparatus may include a multi-component gravimeter configured to estimate gravity vectors for each vector component.

Method of mapping reservoir fluid movement using gravity sensors

A method for estimating a property of subsurface material includes extracting a sample of the material using a downhole formation tester and performing a plurality of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on a sensitive volume in the sample where each measurement in the plurality is performed in a static homogeneous magnetic field with a pulsed magnetic field gradient that is different in magnitude from other NMR measurements to provide a waveform signal. The method further includes transforming each received waveform signal from a time domain into a frequency domain and comparing the frequency domain signal to a reference to provide proton chemical-shift information related to a chemical property of one or more molecules in the sample and transforming the frequency domain signals into a complex number domain that quantifies waveform signal amplitude changes to provide one or more diffusion rates with each diffusion rate being associated with a corresponding frequency.

Estimating molecular size distributions in formation fluid samples using a downhole NMR fluid analyzer

An embodiment of an apparatus for estimating a parameter includes a multi-wavelength electromagnetic source configured to emit electromagnetic radiation beams having multiple wavelengths at a fixed angle relative to an interferometer, the multi-wavelength source having a stabilizer configured to lock each beam to one of a plurality of discrete wavelength ranges. The apparatus also includes the interferometer, which has a fixed reference reflector and a moveable reflecting assembly coupled to a moveable mass, the mass configured to move in response to the parameter. The apparatus further includes a detector configured to detect an interference pattern generated by the interferometer for each beam, and a processor configured to combine the interference patterns and estimate the parameter based on the combined interference pattern.

Displacement measurements using simulated multi-wavelength light sources

Characterizing a parameter of interest relating to a formation intersected by a borehole. Methods may include estimating the parameter using at least one gravity measurement adjusted to account for a gravity field gradient associated with a change in a frame of reference caused by removal of a reference feature from the borehole. Methods may also include taking at least one prior gravity measurement before removal of the reference feature from the borehole; taking at least one prior gravity measurement after removal of the reference feature from the borehole; estimating the change in the frame of reference based on the prior gravity measurements taken before and after removal of the reference feature; and adjusting the at least one gravity measurement using the estimated change.

Estimating change in position of production tubing in a well

An apparatus and method for estimating reservoir connectivity using gravity estimates at a fluid contact for each of two or more boreholes. The method may include identifying fluid contacts in the boreholes. The method may include additional gravity estimates at and/or between a well head and the fluid contact of each borehole. The method may include gravity estimates along a surface between well heads of the boreholes. The method may include estimating true vertical depth for the boreholes. The apparatus may include at least one gravimeter and a processor configured to estimate reservoir connectivity using estimates from the gravimeter.

Determining reservoir connectivity using fluid contact gravity measurements

In one aspect, an apparatus for estimating a characteristic of a sensor is disclosed that in one embodiment may include a chamber housing sensor, wherein the sensor includes a suspended movable force mass having an opening therethrough, a first partially reflective member that moves with the force mass and a second partially reflective member spaced from the first partially reflective member, a source of buoyant fluid configured to supply the buoyant fluid to the chamber at a plurality of pressures, a device for directing light to the first and second partially reflective members at a plurality of angles, a detector for providing signals corresponding to light passing through the second partially reflective member corresponding to each of the plurality of angles and each of the plurality of pressures, and a processor for determining the characteristic of the sensor from the signals provided by the detector.

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Katy, TX, United States of America

Carl M Edwards