Shell Oil Comapny

Other

Equistar Chemicals, LP

Bruce H Winquist

Brendan Dermot Murray

Gary M Pasquale

Donald Henry Powers

Robert Charles Ryan

Stanley Nemec Milam

Elliot P Hertzenberg

David Allen Cooper

Richard B Halsey

Thomas W Hastings

Elliot P Hertzengerg

Jon Barin Wise

This invention provides a process to convert linear alkenes such as butene-1 and butene-2 to methyl branched chain alkenes such as isobutylene using one-dimensional, medium pore zeolite catalysts and similar type catalysts such as SAPO's and MeAPO's. The pore size for the catalyst should be greater than 0.42 nm and less than 0.7 nm, preferably with a larger dimension of between 0.5 and 0.6 nm. This pore size allows the branched chain alkenes to form and diffuse out of the catalyst while reducing the formation of unwanted by-products, including dimers, trimers, aromatics and coke. This invention has been demonstrated with H-ferrierite, SAPO-11, and magnesium mordenite in a laboratory scale reactor. Selectivities ranging from about 50% to almost 100% were demonstrated for isobutylene formation using H-ferrierite, at temperatures ranging from about 340.degree. C. to about 440.degree. C.

Process for isomerizing linear olefins to isoolefins

A noble metal hydrocracking catalyst which has high selectivity for naphtha range products is provided. The hydrocracking catalyst comprises:

Noble metal hydrocracking catalysts

This invention relates to a process in which a linear olefin is converted under isomerizing conditions to its corresponding methyl branched isoolefin by contact at a temperature of from 200.degree. C. to 650.degree. C. with an isomerizing catalyst comprising (i) at least one zeolite having only in one dimension a pore structure having a pore size small enough to retard by-product dimerization and coke formation and large enough to permit entry of the linear olefin and allow formation of the methyl branched isoolefin, (ii) an alumina binder and (iii) up to about 15% by weight of coke oxidation-promoting metal. After a period of operation, when sufficient coke has deposited on the catalyst in an amount to significantly reduce the activity of the catalyst, the catalyst is stripped of hydrocarbon and then contacted at elevated temperature with an oxygen-containing gas for a sufficient time to burn off the coke, i.e., to regenerate the catalyst at a temperature of less than about 565.degree. C. After regeneration, the isomerization process is continued. The use of palladium and/or platinum as the coke oxidation-promoting metal is particularly desirable.

The present invention relates to catalysts suitable for hydrogenating aromatics and olefins in hydrocarbon feedstocks boiling between about 125.degree. C. and about 625.degree. C. as well as the process for carrying out the hydrogenation. The catalysts consist of one or more Group VIII noble metal(s) on a support wherein the support is a Y-type zeolite prepared by contacting a starting Y-type zeolite having a unit cell size less than about 24.65, preferably less than about 24.4 angstroms, a silica to alumina molar ratio greater than about 5, preferably by greater than about 25 and an alkali metal content of less than about 0.30, preferably less than about 0.15 percent (basis metal) with one or more aqueous solution(s) comprising alkali(ne-earth) metal ions under conditions sufficient to provide a final alkali metal content (measured in terms of gram equivalent weight per gram of zeolite) of at least about 1.5 times greater than the alkali metal content (measured in terms of gram equivalent weight per gram of zeolite) of the starting zeolite. Preferred Group VIII metals are platinum and palladium and sodium is a preferred alkali(ne-earth) metal.

Hydrogenation catalyst and process

The instant invention comprises a process for concurrently dealuminating and ion exchanging an acid stable sodium ion-containing zeolite by contacting the zeolite with an about 0.5 M to about 3 M nitric acid solution containing ammonium nitrate in an amount sufficient to fully exchange the sodium ions for ammonium and hydrogen ions at a temperature of at least about -10.degree. C. The instant invention also relates to the zeolites thus prepared by the instant process and catalysts prepared utilizing these zeolites.

Process for the dealumination and ion exchange of zeolites

The instant invention comprises a process for concurrently dealuminating and ion exchanging an acid stable sodium ion-containing zeolite by contacting the zeolite with an about 0.5M to about 3M nitric acid solution containing ammonium nitrate in an amount sufficient to fully exchange the sodium ions for ammonium and hydrogen ions at a temperature of at least about -10.degree. C. The instant invention also relates to the zeolites thus prepared by the instant process and catalysts prepared utilizing these zeolites.

A method of manufacture of a ZSM-5 aluminosilicate zeolite is disclosed with specific ingredients in the crystallizing gel and which must be present in certain specified molar proportions. The aqueous gel comprises colloidal silica:colloidal alumina:Na.sub.3 PO.sub.4 :KF:water in a ratio of between 20 to 1 to 50 to 1 moles of colloidal silica to colloidal alumina and between 1.8 to 2.7 moles of Na.sub.3 PO.sub.4 per mole of colloidal alumina. It is preferred that greater than 0.5 to less than 2.04 moles of KF per mole of colloidal alumina is also present in the crystallizing gel. Variance from these ingredients or the relative stoichiometry of same results in the production of ferrierite, mordenite or an amorphorous aluminosilicate.

Novel process for the preparation of ZSM-5 aluminosilicate zeolite

An improved process for catalytically hydrodewaxing a petroleum feedstock selected from a petroleum distillate or residual fraction, by contact of the feedstock and hydrogen with a catalyst is disclosed where the catalyst is a synthetic ferrierite zeolite having incorporated therewith at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Group VI B, Group VII B and Group VIII metals.

Catalytic dewaxing process

Ferrierite is prepared by maintaining at a temperature from about 170.degree. to 215.degree.C an aqueous mixture of amorphous silica-alumina and sodium and potassium compounds wherein from about 65 to about 90 mol % of the alkali metal as X.sub.2 O wherein X represents Na and K originates from salts of at least one polybasic acid having a pK value greater than 10.degree. at 18.degree.C for the highest dissociation step, and the molar fraction of potassium to total sodium and potassium content is from about 10 to 45%, until ferrierite crystals are formed.

Growing community of inventors

Houston, TX, United States of America

Bruce H Winquist