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Bruce Es Macdonald

Average Co-Inventor Count = 1.00

ph-index = 1

The patent ph-index is calculated by counting the number of publications for which an author has been cited by other authors at least that same number of times.

Forward Citations = 0

Bruce Es Macdonald ↔ James Gandy (1 patent)Bruce Es MacdonaldBruce Es Macdonald (0 patent)James GandyJames Gandy (1 patent)
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Inventor’s number of patents
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Strength of working relationships

Company Filing History:

1. Signtech, Inc. (8 patents)

2. Signtech Usa, Ltd. (4 patents)

3. Ernst & Young Llp (3 patents)

4. Bruce E.s. Macdonald (0 patent)

5. James Gandy (0 patent)


0 patent:

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as of
12/24/2025
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