Albemarle Corporation

Other

Ethyl Corporation

Mems Optical, Inc.

Ablemarle Corporation

Bruce C Peters

Jonathan N Howarth

Ronny W Lin

Hassan Y Elnagar

Dustin H Thomas

Edgar E Spielman, Jr

Charles H Kolich

Arthur G Mack

John F Balhoff

Douglas W Luther

Robert C Herndon

David A Lee

Patrick Reardon

David Renick Brown

Marshall B Nelson

Tim A Patterson

Paul E Fileger

Miles Scott

Gerald Tuck

Barry S McCoy

Jr Robert C Herndon

Brominated styrenic polymer is recovered from solution in a vaporizable solvent by converting the solution in a devolatilization extruder into a brominated styrenic polymer melt or flow and a separate vapor phase comprised predominately of vaporizable solvent, recovering the melt or flow from the devolatilization extruder, and allowing or causing the melt or flow to solidify. The solidified brominated styrenic polymer can be subdivided into a powder or pelletized form. Pellets so made have improved hardness and/or crush strength properties along with reduced formation of fines. Brominated anionic styrenic polymer is preferably used in the process.

Process technology for recovering brominated styrenic polymers from reaction mixtures in which they are formed and/or converting such mixtures into pellets or into granules or pastilles

This invention provides a process for the N-halogenation of at least one 5-hydrocarbyl hydantoin and/or at least one 5,5-dihydrocarbyl hydantoin. The process comprises concurrently feeding into a reaction zone (i) water, inorganic base, and 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, these being fed separately and/or in any combination(s), (ii) a separate feed of a brominating agent, and (iii) a separate feed of a chlorinating agent, in proportions such that during all or substantially all of the time the concurrent feeding is occurring halogenation of the 5-hydrocarbyl hydantoin and/or 5,5-dihydrocarbyl hydantoin occurs and resultant halogenated product precipitates in the liquid phase of an aqueous reaction mixture, and in which the pH of the liquid phase is continuously or substantially continuously maintained in the range of about 2.0 to about 8.0 during all or substantially all of the time the concurrent feeding is occurring. Also provided by this invention is a composition of matter which is a halogenated 5-hydrocarbyl hydantoin or a halogenated 5,5-dihydrocarbyl hydantoin, which is a mixture of the 1,3-dibromo-, 1,3-dichloro-, and/or N,N'-bromochloro-species of the halogenated hydantoin.

Process for producing N-halogenated hydantoins

This invention provides a method of producing granules. This method comprises roll compaction of a 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/binder blend, followed by feeding the compacted product obtained from the roll compactor into a mechanical device, where the compacted product is broken into granules. The blend comprises (i) at least one powdery or finely-divided 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin in which each halogen atom is either chlorine or bromine, in which one of the alkyl groups in the 5-position is a methyl group, in which the other alkyl group in the 5-position has in the range of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and in which the particle size is larger than about 20 microns, and (ii) a binder quantity of a micronized synthetic polyolefin-based hydrocarbon wax. The binder quantity of wax is in the range of about 0.5 to about 2 wt %, based on the total weight of the 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin and the wax. The granules are produced at an increased granulation productivity in comparison to granules of the same 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin produced without a binder.

Compacted forms of halogenated hydantoins

The process enables highly effective N-halogenation of a compound having one or more halogenatable amido or imido functional groups in the molecule. The process involves, for example, concurrently feeding into a reactor (i) water, inorganic base, and the compound to be N-halogenated, e.g., a hydantoin, and a feed of (ii) a brominating agent and/or a chlorinating agent. The proportions of these feeds are such that the pH is kept within the range of ca. 5.5-8.5 (preferably 6.5-8.5, and most preferably 6.8-7.2) and one or more of the amido or imido nitrogen atoms is substituted by a bromine or chlorine atom. A feature of the process is that it can be conducted at elevated temperatures as high as about 90&deg; C. without appreciable thermal decomposition of reactants or product. The resultant product continuously precipitates in high yield and purity. Moreover, products can be produced that are very pale yellow to almost pure white in appearance. Further, the process has been found capable of producing 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin with far larger particle sizes than previously produced on a commercial basis.

Process for producing N-halogenated organic compounds

The dry blends comprise a powdery or finely-divided active ingredient such as a pharmaceutical, dietary supplement, agricultural chemical, water-treating agent or biocidal agent, and a micronized synthetic polyolefin-based hydrocarbon wax and/or a micronized synthetic polyfluorocarbon wax that is compatible with the active ingredient. Shape-retentive compacted compositions are formed by pressure compacting such blends. Preferred active ingredients are 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dialkylhydantoins and profen pharmaceuticals such as naproxen.

Particulate blends and compacted products formed therefrom, and the preparation thereof

A photolithographic process includes providing a layer of photoresistive material on a target substrate. Radiation is transmitted to the photoresistive material through a layer of absorbing material that absorbs the radiation with a transmittance proportional to the thickness of the absorbing material. A surface relief structure is formed in the absorbing material, so that the photoresistive material is only partially exposed in a pattern corresponding to the surface relief structure. Thus, when the photoresistive material is developed, it has a surface relief structure corresponding to the surface relief structure in the absorbing material. Etching the developed photoresistive material and target substrate then forms a surface relief structure in the target substrate that corresponds to the surface relief structure in the developed photoresistive material.

Modulated exposure mask and method of using a modulated exposure mask

Among the enhanced properties of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoins described are their larger average particle sizes, their compactibility even though devoid of a binder, their excellent free-flowing and low-dust properties, and their more appealing aesthetic qualities, as compared to previously known 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoins. These novel 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoins can be produced, for example, by concurrently feeding (i) an aqueous solution or slurry formed from an inorganic base and 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and (ii) a brominating agent, in proportions such that each nitrogen atom is substituted by a bromine atom, thereby forming product which precipitates in an aqueous reaction mixture. The pH of the reaction mixture is maintained in the range of about 5.5 to about 8.5.

1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin of enhanced properties

A shape-retentive compacted article is produced from 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin particulate solids by (a) granulating the particulate solids without use of a binder, and (b) pressure compacting granulated 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin granules formed in (a) that have a U.S. standard mesh size in the range of about 80 mesh to about 3 mesh, again without use of a binder. So far as is known, never before have 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin particulate solids been converted into a compacted form by any method.

Production of compacted biocidal agent from particulate biocidal agent without using a binder

A laser diode collimating and aberration correction (LDCC) molded plastic optical system having a refractive lens(es) to collimate fast axis and a refractive lens(es) to collimate the slow axis of the laser diode (this lens combination is termed a cross cylindrical lens system) with a diffractive element(s) to correct for astigmatism and provide circularization of the output laser beam. All optical elements are molded in plastic to high tolerances with regard to the surface optical figure (shape of the curved surface), surface roughness, and alignment between surfaces (tilt, rotation, and translation). With proper alignment of the optical system to a suitable laser diode emitter, the combination of optic and laser diode is capable of delivering diffraction limited performance&mdash;collimated beam, circular beam cross section, and no astigmatism.

Integrated molded plastic optical system for a laser diode collimating and aberration correction configuration

Alpha-olefin is prepared from internal and/or vinylidene olefin by reacting the internal and/or vinylidene olefin with ethylene in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of Re.sub.2 O.sub.7 and B.sub.2 O.sub.3 on Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Preparation of alpha-olefin by ethenolysis

Vinylidene olefins which contain the olefinic unit ##STR1## are isomerized in high yield to form di-substituted internal olefins containing the olefinic unit --CH.dbd.CH-- by heating to 150.degree.-350.degree. C. in contact with an iron carbonyl catalyst. Only minor amounts of tri-substituted internal olefins which contain the olefinic unit ##STR2## are formed.

Growing community of inventors

Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America

Bruce C Peters