Emisense Technologies, LLC

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC

Brett Tamatea Henderson

James Steppan

Klaus Karl Allmendinger

Anthoniraj Lourdhusamy

Gangqiang Wang

Leta Yar-Li Woo

Joseph Jay Fitzpatrick

Robert Scott Glass

Merrill Anderson Wilson

Dale M Taylor

Lee Sorensen

Robin Edward Richards

Stuart Adler

Joe Fitzpatrick

Gangquiang Wang

Raymond Ashton Cutler

Jimmy Ludlow

Paul N Dyer

Balakrishnan G Nair

Michael Francis Carolan

Steven Lee Russek

Eric Minford

David Douglas Brengel

Donald Laurence Meixner

Frank Bell

Paul Nigel Dyer

A sensor includes an electrode and a seed structure. The electrode is configured to measure current due to movement of particulate matter relative to the electrode. The seed structure is deposited on the electrode. The seed structure includes a plurality of elongated members extending outward from the surface of the electrode. The elongated members are configured to promote charge transfer to particles and/or agglomerates of the particulate matter during operation of the sensor.

Agglomeration and charge loss sensor with seed structure for measuring particulate matter

A device for signal processing. The device includes a signal generator, a signal detector, and a processor. The signal generator generates an original waveform. The signal detector detects an affected waveform. The processor is coupled to the signal detector. The processor receives the affected waveform from the signal detector. The processor also compares at least one portion of the affected waveform with the original waveform. The processor also determines a difference between the affected waveform and the original waveform. The processor also determines a value corresponding to a unique portion of the determined difference between the original and affected waveforms. The processor also outputs the determined value.

Electrochemical sensing using comparison of voltage-current time differential values during waveform generation and detection

A method for analysis of a gas stream. The method includes identifying an affected region of an affected waveform signal corresponding to at least one characteristic of the gas stream. The method also includes calculating a voltage-current time differential between the affected region of the affected waveform signal and a corresponding region of an original waveform signal. The affected region and the corresponding region of the waveform signals have a sensitivity specific to the at least one characteristic of the gas stream. The method also includes generating a value for the at least one characteristic of the gas stream based on the calculated voltage-current time differential.

Gas stream analysis using voltage-current time differential operation of electrochemical sensors

A method for temperature analysis of a gas stream. The method includes identifying a temperature parameter of an affected waveform signal. The method also includes calculating a change in the temperature parameter by comparing the affected waveform signal with an original waveform signal. The method also includes generating a value from the calculated change which corresponds to the temperature of the gas stream.

Temperature analysis with voltage-current time differential operation of electrochemical sensors

A method is described. The method is a method for making a constraining ceramic assembly. The method includes applying at least one metallic electrode to a substrate. The method also includes applying a porous ceramic layer to the substrate to cover the metallic electrode. The method also includes sintering the substrate, the porous ceramic layer, and the metallic electrode together at a sintering temperature above a melting point of the metallic electrode.

Processing method for constraining lower melting point metals within ceramic laminates during sintering

Electrochemical sensing using voltage-current time differential

A sensor assembly includes a voltage source, a sensor electrode, a grounded assembly, an integration capacitor, and a current meter. The sensor electrode is coupled to the voltage source to receive a voltage. The sensor electrode is disposed within a directed and controlled exhaust flow to facilitate particle agglomeration into particulate matter structures at a surface of the sensor electrode. The grounded assembly is coupled to a ground reference and disposed at a distance from the sensor electrode. The integration capacitor is coupled to a negative side of the voltage source to integrate in time current pulses from charge transfers from the sensor electrode of the particulate matter structures. The current meter is coupled to the voltage source to measure an integrated value of current supplied to the voltage source in response to charge transfers from the sensor electrode to the particulate matter structures in the exhaust flow.

Agglomeration and charge loss sensor for measuring particulate matter

A sensor includes a housing, a central sensor electrode assembly, an insulating member, and a trace. The central sensor electrode assembly is coupled to a supply side of a voltage source. The insulating member is coupled between the housing and the central sensor electrode assembly. The insulating member circumscribes a section of the central sensor electrode assembly. The trace is coupled to the insulating member and circumscribes the section of the central sensor electrode assembly. The trace directs at least a portion of leakage current away from a voltage ground offset on an opposite side of the central sensor electrode assembly.

An electrode assembly for a particulate matter sensor in a gas environment. The electrode assembly includes an insulating tube, a conductor, and a positioning structure. The insulating tube has an outer surface and defines an interior cavity with an interior surface. The conductor is disposed within the interior cavity of the insulating tube. The conductor is electrically coupled to an electrode at a first end of the insulating tube and includes a contact portion at a second end of the insulating tube for connection to an external conductor. The positioning structure is coupled to the conductor. The positioning structure mechanically supports the conductor at a distance from the interior surface of the insulating tube to at least partially define an air dielectric gap at approximately a heater location corresponding to a heater. The positioning structure has an outer diameter approximately equal to an inner diameter of the insulating tube and has an inner diameter approximately equal to an outer diameter of the conductor.

Particulate matter sensor with an insulating air gap

The current invention relates to a means for improving heat removal from the inside of an electrochemical device to the outer surface so as to reduce thermal stresses in the device, thereby allowing for increased oxygen production. A means for conducting heat toward the outer edge is provided. The means for conducting heat comprises at least one of silver, gold, platinum, rhodium, and palladium.

Heat conducting metal layer for ion conductor stack

An electrochemical device for separating oxygen from an oxygen-containing gas comprises a plurality of planar ion-conductive solid electrolyte plates and electrically-conductive gas-impermeable interconnects assembled in a multi-cell stack. Electrically-conductive anode and cathode material is applied to opposite sides of each electrolyte plate. A gas-tight anode seal is bonded between the anode side of each electrolyte plate and the anode side of the adjacent interconnect. A biasing electrode, applied to the anode side of each electrolyte plate between the anode seal and the edge of the anode, eliminates anode seal failure by minimizing the electrical potential across the seal. The seal potential is maintained below about 40 mV and preferably below about 25 mV. A gas-tight seal is applied between the cathode sides of each electrolyte plate and the adjacent interconnect such that the anode and cathode seals are radially offset on opposite sides of the plate. The combination of biasing electrodes and offset seals is particularly effective in eliminating anode seal failure.

Insulating support for ion conductor stack

Ion conductor stack with offset seals and biasing electrodes

Method for separating oxygen from an oxygen-containing gas

An electrochemical device is disclosed comprising a plurality of planar electrolytic cells connected in series, each cell having an oxygen ion-conducting electrolyte layer, an anode layer and a cathode layer associated with the electrolyte layer, electrically conductive interconnect layers having gas passages situated therein for transporting gaseous streams, which interconnect layers electrically connect the anode layer of each electrolytic cell to the cathode layer of an adjacent planar cell, and sealing means positioned between the interconnect layers and the electrolytic cells to provide a gas-tight seal therebetween. The configuration of the interconnect layer and the placement of the seal means provides a separation between the seal and the conductive pathway of electrons between the anode layer and cathode layer which prevents corrosion or deterioration of the seal.

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Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America

Brett Tamatea Henderson