Ecolab USA Inc.

Nalco Company

Brett Showalter

Bruce A Keiser

Nicholas S Ergang

Richard A Mimna

Rebecca Stiles

Manian Ramesh

Peter E Reed

Pious V Kurian

Kin-Tai Chang

Ian Saratovsky

Joseph Paul Street

Hung-Ting Chen

Disclosed herein are methods for the on-site manufacture of aqueous-based mercury sorbent compositions prepared using a process water. The sorbent compositions may be aqueous-based materials manufactured from a silica containing precursor, a metal species, and a sulfur-based species, in the presence of a process waters, such as a process water from a coal-fired power plant.

Mercury sorbents

Disclosed are methods for the on-site manufacture of aqueous-based mercury sorbent compositions prepared using a process water. The sorbent compositions may be aqueous-based materials manufactured from a silica containing precursor, a metal species, and a sulfur-based species, in the presence of a process waters, such as a process water from a coal-fired power plant.

Methods of forming a silica-containing products are disclosed. One method comprises: (a) providing a silica containing precursor (SCP) contained in solution that has a pH less than or equal to a pH of 7; (b) optionally doping the SCP with one or more metal species; (d) adding an effective amount of salt to the solution so that the conductivity of the solution is greater than or equal to 4 mS; (e) optionally filtering and drying the SCP; and (f) optionally reacting the dried product from step e with a functional group. Another method comprises: (a) providing a silica containing precursor (SCP) contained in solution that has a pH greater than 7; (b) adjusting the pH of the solution to less than or equal to 7; (c) optionally doping the SCP with one or more metal species; (d) adjusting the pH of the solution to greater than 7; and (e) adding an effective amount of salt to the solution so that the conductivity of the solution is greater than or equal to 4 mS; (f) optionally filtering and drying the SCP. The SCP is then added to a hygroscopic solid such that the resulting product comprises a metal oxide-doped or metal sulfide-doped silica-containing product deposited on a substrate selected from hydrated alkaline earth oxide, lanthanide oxide, and combinations thereof.

Silica particle manufacturing process

Methods of forming a silica-based products are disclosed. One method comprises: (a) providing a silica containing precursor (SCP) contained in solution that has a pH less than or equal to a pH of 7; (b) optionally doping the SCP with one or more metal species, wherein said doping occurs when the solution has a pH less than or equal to a pH of 7; (c) adjusting the pH of the solution to greater than 7; (d) adding an effective amount of salt to the solution so that the conductivity of the solution is greater than or equal to 4 mS, wherein said addition occurs prior to, simultaneous with, or after the pH adjustment in step 1c; (e) optionally filtering and drying the SCP; and (f) optionally reacting the dried product from step e with a functional group and optionally wherein the resultant functionalized dried product is at least one of the following: a functionalized metal oxide-doped or metal sulfide-doped silica product. Another method comprises: (a) providing a silica containing precursor (SCP) contained in solution that has a pH greater than 7; (b) adjusting the pH of the solution to less than or equal to 7; (c) optionally doping the SCP with one or more metal species, wherein said doping occurs when the solution has a pH less than or equal to a pH of 7; (d) adjusting the pH of the solution to greater than 7; (e) adding an effective amount of salt to the solution so that the conductivity of the solution is greater than or equal to 4 mS, wherein said addition occurs prior to, simultaneous with, or after the pH adjustment in step 2d; (f) optionally filtering and drying the SCP; and (g) optionally reacting the dried product from step f with a functional group and optionally wherein the resultant functionalized dried product is at least one of the following: a functionalized metal oxide-doped or metal sulfide-doped silica product.

This invention is directed to a composition comprising encapsulated expandable polymeric microparticles including expandable base microparticles encapsulated in a shell of at least one layer of a labile or degradable encapsulation material. The encapsulated microparticles have an unexpanded volume average particle size diameter of from about 0.05 to about 5,000 microns. The invention is further directed to the use of the composition for modifying the permeability of subterranean formations and increasing the mobilization and/or recovery rate of hydrocarbon fluids present in the formations.

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Wheaton, IL, United States of America

Brett Showalter