USA As Represented by Secretary of the Navy

Other

Brett D Martin

Jawad Naciri

Jeffrey R Deschamps

Scott A Trammell

Banahalli R Ratna

Paul T Charles

Jeffrey C DePriest

Ian D Giles

Ranganathan Shashidhar

Jeffrey C Depriest

Nikolay Nikolov

David A Stenger

Christopher M Spillmann

Bruce P Gaber

Charles H Patterson, Jr

David A Cylinder

Mark S Spector

David Curtis Turner

Michael A Markowitz

Martin H Moore

Steve Pollack

Yung-Hoon Ha

Nikolay Nikoloy

John C Mastrangelo

Gusphyl Justin

Luminita M Velea

This disclosure concerns electrically conducting poly(pyrazoles). The concept of oligomerizing and polymerizing substituted aminopyrazole derivatives combined with a monomer activation procedure involving base-mediated conversion of the protonated pyrazole ring nitrogen to amine salt was developed. This disclosure concerns the specific chemistries needed for the synthesis of a pyrazole monomer used in the polymer synthesis. The procedure used for blending the novel polypyrazoles with other compounds needed for construction of solar cells for testing was developed. This disclosure concerns the concept of using these types of heteroatom-rich, electron-deficient oligomers or polymers as n-dopable or p-dopable electron acceptors in photovoltaic cells. This disclosure concerns synthesizing the starting monomer compounds and polypyrazoles.

Electrically conducting poly(pyrazoles)

A new, thermally stable conducting material, poly(3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate), can be used in a variety of applications such as thermoelectrics, electron acceptors in light-harvesting (photovoltaic) materials, and thermally stable conducting energetic materials. Related compounds include poly 3-amino-5-chloro-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-bromo-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-fluoro-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-iodo-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3, 5-diamino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-NHR-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, poly 3-amino-5-NR-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, or poly 3-amino-5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate.

Electrically conducting polyamides

An interpenetrating network (IPN) polymer membrane material includes a soft polyurethane interspersed with a crosslinked conducting polymer. The material can be reversibly 'switched' between its oxidized and reduced states by the application of a small voltage, &#x2dc;1 to 4 volts, thus modulating its diffusivity.

Fabrics with interpenetrating polymer networks of breathable elastomeric composites for nanoscale diffusion control and protection

Modulating fabric diffusivity using tether-containing conducting polymers

Breathable elastomeric composites with tether-containing conducting polymers for nanoscale diffusion control and protection

An electrically conducting organic oligomer made from the steps of preparing an acidic aqueous solution with a monomer; preparing the acidic aqueous solution by mixing a solution of about 1.6 wt % HCl in DI water with a monomer; forming about a 0.3 M solution preparing a second aqueous solution with a sodium persulfate oxidant; mixing the acidic aqueous solution with the second aqueous solution; and allowing a reaction to proceed at about 40&#xb0; C.

Electrically conducting oligo(pyrazoles)

An electrically conducting organic oligomer comprising 4-nitro-1H-pyrazole-3-yl-amine, 4-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-trichloromethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-tribromomethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-ammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-trimethylammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-triethylammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, or 4-tripropylammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine. An electrically conducting organic oligomer made from the steps of preparing an acidic aqueous solution with a monomer, preparing the acidic aqueous solution by mixing water with a monomer (3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile), forming a solution preparing a second aqueous solution, mixing the acidic aqueous solution with the second aqueous solution, and allowing a reaction to proceed at about 40&#xb0; C.

An electrically conducting organic oligomer comprising 3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile, 3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid, 3-amino-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole, or 3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid. An electrically conducting organic oligomer comprising 4-nitro-1H-pyrazole-3-yl-amine, 4-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-trichloromethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-tribromomethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-ammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-trimethylammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, 4-triethylammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, or 4-tripropylammonium-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amine, methods of making and products of the method thereof.

Encapsulated fluorescent metal nanoparticles for radiation detection comprising metal ions in an aqueous solution encapsulated in a nanocapsule, wherein the metal ions form atoms when exposed to gamma-ray initiated reduction of the ions and then aggregate to form fluorescent nanoparticles.

Passive chemical system for detection of gamma irradiation

This disclosure concerns two novel electrically conducting organic oligomers: oligo(3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile) or 'oligo(AP-CN)' and oligo(4-nitro-1H-pyrazole-3-yl-amine) or 'oligo(AP-NO)', and methods of making thereof.

A redox-active conductive polymer includes a charged tether. An interpenetrating network including such a conducting polymer can be switched between two states of diffusivity (porosity) by application of a voltage. Such a material can be useful in breathable protective clothing, controlled release, intelligent sensing/filtration, novel separation processes, nanomanufacturing, and other areas.

Elastomeric composites with tether-containing, conducting polymers for nanoscale diffusion control

A device having a substrate and an enzyme attached to the substrate. The substrate has a polymeric surface having at least two conductivity states. A minimum voltage that does not cause a redox reaction in the enzyme may be applied to the polymeric surface to change the conductivity state of the surface. A method of controlling enzyme activity by providing the above substrate with polymeric surface, attaching an enzyme to the substrate, and altering the conductivity state of the polymeric surface. Changing the conductivity of the polymer can change the activity of the enzyme.

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Washington, DC, United States of America

Brett D Martin