International Business Machines Corporation

Brent Tzion Hailpern

Peter Kenneth Malkin

Philip Shi-lung Yu

Lee W Hoevel

Robert J Schloss

Yannick J Thefaine

Thomas David Erickson

Wendy Anne Kellogg

Lee G Friedman

Vittorio R Castelli

Charu Chandra Aggarwal

Philip Shilung Yu

Joel Leonard Wolf

Jarir Kamel Chaar

Asit Dan

Lin Luo

Yoelle Smadja Maarek

Steve Richard White

Lawrence David Bergman

Lawrence Scott Rich

Daniel A Oblinger

Marion Lee Blount

Dinkar Sitaram

John Cocke

Harold Leon Ossher

Peri L Tarr

Zhong Tian

Dennis Gerard Shea

Charles Campbell Palmer

Philip Shi-Lung Yu

Santanu Paul

Eugene Shapiro

Da Ming Hao

Hang Jun Ye

Kenneth J Perry

Gene E Trivett

John D Wiegand

Dave Thomson

Edwin S Park

Robert A Heller

Providing element dossiers may include obtaining records of relationships between elements from all lifecycle phases of interest, and querying and retrieving a list of all elements related to a target element using the relationship records including relationships between intermediary adjacent lifecycle phases. The method also includes determining inferential and correlation based relationships among dynamically changing elements.

Method of providing element dossiers that include elements from nonadjacent lifecycle phases

Methods of detecting, and providing a notification of, the existence of misinformation using usage patterns of a network service enable an organization to respond to the misinformation. The method includes establishing common usage patterns of the network service, identifying an irregular usage pattern, determining that the irregular usage pattern was caused by misinformation, and responding to the misinformation.

System and method for usage-based misinformation detection and response

A system and method for obtaining a process definition; determining the current process; determining the current process step; determining whether a whether a user has requested creation or modification of an annotation of the current process or step; receiving information from the user for creating the annotation when a user has requested creation of an annotation; and displaying the annotation.

Method for providing dynamic process step annotations

A method and system for maintaining originality-related information about elements in an editable object. It is determined that an element has been edited in the editable object. The originality-related information about the element, including the element's creator, is identified and recorded by embedding the originality-related information in the editable object, storing the originality-related information in an attached file, or storing the originality-related information in association with the element in a repository configured to be shared by different editable objects and further configured to be queried for elements of the different editable objects in association with originality-related information pertaining to the elements of the different editable objects. Whether the element is in compliance with a policy relating to the originality-related information about the element is assessed, and a result of the assessing (indicating compliance or non-compliance of the element with the policy) may be transmitted to a user.

Method and system for maintaining originality-related information about elements in an editable object

A method for searching for a partially specified Uniform Resource Locator (URL) addresses includes receiving a user request, from a user, including a partially specified URL address. A URL search request handler is invoked to search for the partially specified URL address within an inverted index of web site URLs. A web search request handler is invoked to rank the search results of the search for the partially specified URL address based on one or more keywords specified in the user request, a list of recently accessed URLs, and a user profile. Search results are returned to the user comprising a list of URL addresses based on the search for the partially specified URL and ranked based on the user search data.

System and method for providing service for searching web site addresses

The present invention relates to a method for creating a meta-document. The method collects at least one hyperlinked document based on a seed document and cross-references the documents within the collection. Cross-referencing includes resolving an anchor and an object, and indexing the resolved anchor and object based on respective locations within a meta-document. The method organizes the collected documents and seed documents. The method also publishes the meta-document including the cross-referenced documents. Preferably, the method of collecting includes accepting the seed document having an anchor pointing to an object, and adding a document containing the object to the collection. In addition, collecting includes the step of manually modifying the collection. The meta-document is a collection of the seed document and the hyperlinked document. Further, the index is one of a footnote, an end note, a table of contents, and an appendix.

System and method for creating a unified printable collection of hyperlinked documents

A system and method for providing target groups of customers with a plurality of promotions for a plurality of goods. Active customers are tracked for each target group. Active customers can include customers with portable devices, customers with hand-held devices, customers who are viewers of a pay-per-view system and customers who are viewers of a web site. The promotions for each target group are calculated based on the promotional objectives for each target group and the conditions in the operating environment. Selected promotions are sent the active customers for each target group.

Dynamic method and apparatus for target promotion

Information is analyzed in the form of a plurality of data values that represent a plurality of objects. A set of features that characterize each object of the plurality of objects is identified. The plurality of data values are stored in a database. Each data value corresponds to at least one of the plurality of objects based on the set of features. Ones of the plurality of data values stored in the database are partitioned into a plurality of clusters. Each cluster of the plurality of clusters is assigned to one respective node of a plurality of nodes arranged in a tree hierarchy. Ones of the plurality of nodes of the tree hierarchy are traversed. If desired, information may be analyzed for finding peer groups in e-commerce applications.

System and method for similarity searching in high-dimensional data space

Method, system and computer program product for collaboratively processing a data object in a client-server hierarchy based on meta-information associated with the object. Processing results are indicated by the server that performed the processing as updates to the meta-information associated with the data object. The PICS protocol may be used to communicate the meta-information. Digital signing and authentication of the object and associated meta-information are also described. Further, servers can determine processing by considering various factors, e.g., their current load condition; if the object is to be multicast; if the object can be cached; and/or if the specified cost and time constraints can be met. The overall processing applied to data objects can be divided between servers based on object types, steps, functions, software packages or versions/releases. Other aspects of the invention are also described.

Collaborative server processing of content and meta-information with application to virus checking in a server network

A method and apparatus to dynamically maintain META-tag information specifying categorization and/or degree of compound documents, which are collections or hierarchy of collections of objects (possibly web pages), for efficient retrieval of leaf or intermediate objects with specific characteristics without the need to search any content of the collection. The specific characteristic and the contents of the collection can change constantly both qualitatively and quantitatively (including the insertion, deletion and update of objects). While dynamically maintaining the META-tag information, there are no inclusion restrictions on these compound documents, i.e., any collection can contain itself either directly or recursively; and all objects within a META-tagged compound document are not required to participate. The PICS protocol may be used to specify this META-tag information with both categorization and degree; to reflect the obsolescence, currency or freshness of an objects; to validate a given object using a digital signature; and to enable charging for the META-tag service. Aggregation methods are provided to enable maximization, minimization, and averaging; to limit the propagation of META-tags; and to handle the time-out of META-tag and information validity.

Apparatus and method for dynamic meta-tagging of compound documents

A push-based filtering of objects in a client-server hierarchy based on usage information. A method of annotating a push object with meta information on its content and/or urgency is also described. Objects can be staged at the server(s) to provide fast access when the filtered object is later requested. The PICS protocol may be used to communicate various types of information: e.g., by the content provider or a higher level proxy to annotate the object, including an urgency, a summary or title, a group classification, and/or an identity of the push; to convey usage or preference information on pushed objects up the hierarchy, including usage information and user preferences based on object group classifications; and to convey a staging status of each staged object down the hierarchy to improve caching efficiency. An object may include a content hierarchy such as a title, a summary and the full content. The filtering process can factor in not only which next (lower) level nodes will receive the push, but also the content level each node will receive. The push filtering decision can be based on aggregate usage information at the lower level proxy or client nodes. A staging decision can be based on the filtering decision, the successful completion of the push to the selected lower level proxies/clients, object usage information and/or a staging decision on other nodes in the hierarchy. An efficient means to purge a staged object is also described.

Dynamic push filtering based on information exchanged among nodes in a

A mechanism for heterogeneous, peer-to-peer, and disconnected workflow execution across a network infrastructure. Performer Agent entities provide a homogeneous view of humans, applications, and heterogeneous workflow systems and components that act as Performers on the network by executing Tasks. Source Agent entities provide a homogeneous view of heterogeneous service requesters such as workflow scripts executing on different workflow systems, which generate Activities that need to execute on Performers as Tasks. Task Request and Task Response messages are used to standardize the communication between Source Agents and Performer Agents, along with other messages for controlling and queuing Tasks. Workflow systems interact with each other as peers using this mechanism by sending workflow execution requests, workflow script templates, and workflow execution environments to each other. Disconnected operation is handled by ensuring the continuous availability of Source Agents and Performer Agents on the network and providing a mechanism for Sources to disconnect from Source Agents and Performers to disconnect from Performer Agents.

Mechanism for heterogeneous, peer-to-peer, and disconnected workflow

A system and method for controlling transmission of a data stream by a server to a plurality of clients in a multicast group. In a first embodiment, one of the clients in a multicast group is designated as a leader. When a service request for transmission of a portion of the data stream is received by the server from any of the clients, the server determines if the service request was from the leader. Responsive to determining that the service request was from the leader, the server broadcasts the portion of the data stream to the clients in the multicast group. Otherwise the broadcasting is deferred. In another embodiment responsive to receipt of the service request for playout of a portion of a video (e.g. a block) from any of the clients in a multicast group, the server determines if a predetermined broadcast criteria has been satisfied. If so the server broadcasts the requested portion to all of the clients in the multicast group. Otherwise, the portion is not multicast to the group and the system is again checked against the broadcast criteria when another service request is received from any of the clients.

Pace control for multicasting in a video server environment

A system for establishing connections between processors in a distributed system of processors connected by a multiple multi-drop network. No wires are needed in addition to those already present in an existing network. In such a network connecting n processors, each processor is connected to all others by n identical multi-drop links. Links are assigned to processors on a one-to-one basis and a processor may transmit messages only on its assigned link. Processors may receive messages on any of these links, thereby enabling a processor to communicate with all others. The advantage of such a network over a single multi-drop link is that there is no contention for a shared link since each processor has a unique transmit line. In addition, no central control means is required for the network, as completely distributed control is utilized.

In band connection establishment for a multiple multi-drop network

In a data processing system including a relatively large, page-formatted memory, memory control functions are distributed over a plurality of microprocessors connected in an array with each microprocessor controlling a respective area of the large memory. Upon overflow of its assigned memory area, a microprocessor may 'borrow' free memory space assigned to one of its neighbors in the microprocessor array. Memory control functions with respect to different areas in the memory can effectively be performed in parallel, thus improving the operating efficiency.

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Katonah, NY, United States of America

Brent Tzion Hailpern