U.S. Department of Energy

Brenda Serrano-Rodriguez

Steven Herrmann

Shelly Xiaowei Li

Guoping Cao

According to one aspect of the invention, a potentiometric sensor having a cathode and an anode. The cathode is configured to provide a summary voltage representative of at least two voltage points. The anode is configured to provide a first voltage. The cathode is in communication with the anode by a first electrolyte forming an open circuit having an open circuit potential. Within the first electrolyte is a concentration of a target ion. The open circuit potential mathematically corresponds to the concentration of the target ion.

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Spring Lake, NC, United States of America

Brenda Serrano-Rodriguez