Apd Cryogenics, Inc.

Brooks Automation Gmbh

Intercool Energy Corporation

Boris V Yudin

Mikhail Boyarsky

Ralph C Longsworth

Ajay N Khatri

Dennis H Hill

Richard Stevenson

Mikhail Boiarski

Oleg N Podcherniev

Kevin P Flynn

Michael Boiarski

Tamirisa Apparao

Vladimir Mogarichni

Victor I Mogorychny

Anthony L Owoc

Larry Klusmier

Lawrence A Klusmier

Noel Fasnacht

Oleg Podtchereniaev

Refrigerants containing HCFC's are replaced with new blends by using R-236fa and R-125, or R-125 with R-245fa, or R-236ea, or R-134a with R-236fa in place of HCFC's. No hardware or oil composition changes are required to maintain temperatures, pressures and capacity substantially unchanged in a refrigeration system.

Nonflammable mixed refrigerants (MR) for use with very low temperature throttle-cycle refrigeration systems

A throttle device provides a large number of small flow channels generally in parallel rather than a single flow path. The throttling device, a porous cartridge within a tube, may be porous metal, packed ferrous spheres or other particles, packed fibrous material, a plurality of smaller capillaries joined together in parallel, etc. The number and size of the channels provide proper pressure drop performance of the throttle, and flow is laminar with a Reynolds number less than 2,000. Vibrations are low. With certain refrigerant components, and small openings in the porous throttle device, refrigerant flow resistance increases until all flow ceases below selected and repeatable temperature levels. Thus, a temperature-dependent, variable on to off throttle device is provided without moving parts. This self adjusting throttle device can operate in parallel with a fixed throttle device.

Low vibration throttling device for throttle-cycle refrigerators

Mixed refrigerants provide refrigeration at cryogenic temperatures with throttling cycles operating with a one-stage compressor. The refrigerants include noncondensable gases such as helium, neon, or hydrogen to increase the overall cooling capacity of a refrigeration system at the same refrigeration temperature which is attainable without such noncondensable gases. More refrigeration can be produced with existing systems at temperatures above the normal boiling point of nitrogen or argon by adding, for example, helium, than for refrigerant blends without helium. By increasing the return pressure value of the refrigeration cycle in relation to the molar percent of helium present in the refrigerant, a constant refrigeration temperature may be maintained which exhibits greater stability than prior systems operating at the same temperature without helium enrichment.

High efficiency throttle cryogenic refrigerator based on one stage

A mixed gas refrigerant for use as a replacement for CFC refrigerants, and specifically, for R-12, which includes at least three components including R-134a, R-124, and n-butane, with the n-butane being at least present in trace amounts and specifically between 1% and up to 4%.

Mixed gas R-12 refrigeration apparatus

An integral combination of expansion valve and evaporator in a cryostat using a single support member. The valve includes two flow orifices, one orifice being used primarily for steady-state operation and the other orifice being used only during cool-down. An actuator having a high coefficient of thermal expansion moves a needle positioned in the cool-down orifice such that a large orifice flow area at the start of cool-down is automatically and continuously reduced as the actuator temperature decreases as refrigerant is throttled through the orifice. Within a range of approximately 30 K from the desired steady-state evaporator temperature, the needle completely blocks the cool-down orifice. Then, refrigerant flows through the steady-state orifice which has a remotely adjustable needle. In the final stage of cool-down, the refrigerant system is entirely controlled by the steady-state orifice and its associated needle. In other embodiments, the steady-state orifice and adjusting needle, are replaced with a fixed restrictor, such as a capillary tube, that is positioned in parallel with the cool-down orifice and needle. The fixed restrictor is sized to satisfy the desired steady-state operating conditions.

Closed cycle cryogenic refrigeration system with automatic variable flow

A mixed gas refrigerant for use in the cryogenic range of temperatures between 80.degree. K. and 100.degree. K., with single stage compressor providing high pressures up to 30 Arms. The refrigerant consists of nitrogen between 30 and 50 molar percent, methane less than 20 molar percent, propane, more than 30 molar percent, and ethane the balance.

Cryogenic mixed gas refrigerant for operation within temperature ranges

A mixed gas refrigerant for use as a replacement for CFC refrigerants, and specifically, for R-12, which includes at least three components including R-134a, R-124, and n-butane.

Substitute refrigerant for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems

Growing community of inventors

Moscow, Russia

Boris V Yudin