Process Automation Business Inc.

Accuray Inc.

Industrial Nucleonics Corporation

Boong Y Cho

A beam of X rays is directed into a traveling product such as paper having a constituent such as ash made up of components such as clay, chalk and titanium dioxide. X rays from the product may produce signal channel responses that are the same to one component but different to another component, and a resultant response indicative of the content of the constituent or component. The X rays from the product may produce a response to a detected spectrum wherein the intensities of the rays are so distributed as a function of energy that the average effective absorption coefficients for the components are substantially equalized, so that the response will be indicative of the constituent and comparatively unaffected by the relative amounts of the components.

Method and apparatus for x-ray analysis of rapidly moving multicomponent

An apparatus for measuring the thickness of a sheet of metal by irradiating the sheet with x-rays. The intensity of the initial x-rays, the transmitted x-rays, and the backscattered x-rays are detected and the detector signals are processed to produce a signal representing the thickness of the metal sheet.

Thickness measurement with automatic correction for changes in

A traveling mat (10) of glass fibers that have been coated with a resinous binder is measured so as to determine quantitatively the mass of binder per unit area of the mat, by directing into the traveling mat gamma rays (26) from a first radiation source (28) comprising americium-241 isotope, also directing into the traveling mat isotopic X-rays (30) from a second radiation source (32) comprising curium-244 isotope, detecting (at 22) the gamma rays from the traveling mat to produce a first response (R.sub.A), detecting (at 24) the isotopic X-rays from the traveling mat to produce a second response (R.sub.C) and forming (at 48) a combination of the first and second responses so as to produce a third response (B) that is indicative of the mass of the binder and substantially independent of the mass of the glass fibers.

Isotopic radiation method and apparatus for measuring the resinous

A property such as moisture content in a sheet of material such as paper that both absorbs and strongly scatters infrared radiation is measured by passing the sheet through the central region of a substantially spherical cavity formed between a pair of concave mirror-surfaced, specularly reflecting bodies that are spaced apart to form a pass gap of sufficient width to allow substantially free movement of the sheet therethrough while substantially enclosing a first portion of the sheet on both sides. A spot of infrared radiation is projected onto one side of the sheet in the center of the cavity to illuminate a second portion of the sheet included within and substantially smaller than the enclosed first portion. Thus infrared radiation scattered or transmitted by the second portion is reflected from the mirror-surfaced bodies and directed back to the second portion substantially within the area of the sheet defined by the spot. The relative sizes of the first and second portions in relation to the width of the pass gap determine the relative quantities of radiation being retained in the cavity and escaping through the pass gap. On the opposite side of the sheet relative quantities of both the projected radiation transmitted by the sheet and radiation reflected from the reflective bodies are detected so as to produce an output response indicative of the measured property. The relative quantities of the retained and escaping radiation and the detected transmitted and reflected radiation are selected to make the output response substantially independent of changes in other properties affecting the scattering power of the sheet material, such as the bone-dry weight or composition of paper.

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Columbus, OH, United States of America

Boong Y Cho