Gm Global Technolgoy Operations, Inc.

Bar-ilan University

General Motors LLC

Bob Ross Powell

Timothy J Fuller

Mark William Verbrugge

Ion C Halalay

Michael J Walker

Alan L Browne

Meng Jiang

Aihua A Luo

Nancy L Johnson

Anil Kumar Sachdev

Xingcheng Xiao

William B Barvosa-Carter

Scott Willis Jorgensen

Robert S Conell

Leslie Momoda

Doron Aurbach

Shalom Luski

Thomas B Stanford

Anjan Banerjee

Baruch Ziv

Nicholas P W Pieczonka

Jung-Hyun Kim

Yuliya Shilina

Mei Cai

Qigui Wang

Thomas Arthur Perry

Li Yang

Michael D Hanna

Jon T Carter

Guangling Song

Charles Weldon Wampler, Ii

David Douglas Goettsch

Peggy E Jones

Cherng-Chi Chang

Basant L Tiwari

Peng Lu

Inwook Hwang

Zicheng Li

Vadim Rezhets

Gerald Edward Sokol

Jongwon B Park

Jung Hyun Kim

Jongcheol Shin

A number of variations may include products and methods for estimating the state of an energy system. At least one sensor may monitor a voltage and a current of the energy storage system. An electronic controller may be communicatively coupled with the energy storage system and may receive input from the sensor. A circuit may be representative of the energy storage system and may be appropriately defined in the electronic controller. The circuit may estimate a state of the energy storage system from a reading of the voltage and the current.

State estimation of an energy system

Electrochemical cells that cycle lithium ions and methods for suppressing or minimizing deposition of transition metal ions at negative electrodes are provided. The electrochemical cells include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed therebetween, and an electrolyte system including one or more lithium salts, one or more solvents, and at least one additive complexing compound. The at least one additive complexing compound includes an alkyl group having greater than or equal to 4 carbon atoms and less than or equal to 22 carbon atoms and a transition metal ion trapping group. The at least one additive compound associates with a surface of the separator via van der Waal's interactive forces and is further capable of complexing with transition metal ion within the electrochemical cell to sequester or tether the ions generated by contaminants to minimize or suppress the deposition of transition metal cations on the negative electrode.

Iron ion trapping van der Waals gripper additives for electrolyte systems in lithium-ion batteries

Electrochemical cells that cycle lithium ions and methods for suppressing or minimizing dendrite formation are provided. The electrochemical cells include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed therebetween. At least one transition metal ion-trapping moiety, including one or more polymers functionalized with one or more trapping groups, may be included within the electrochemical cell as a coating, pore filler, substitute pendant group, or binder. The one or more trapping groups may be selected from the group consisting of: crown ethers, siderophores, bactins, ortho-phenanthroline, iminodiacetic acid dilithium salt, oxalates malonates, fumarates, succinates, itaconates, phosphonates, and combinations thereof, and may bind to metal ions found within the electrochemical cell to minimize or suppress formation of dendrite protrusions on the negative electrode.

Polymeric ion traps for suppressing or minimizing transition metal ions and dendrite formation or growth in lithium-ion batteries

A positive electrode composition includes a binder material; an electrically conductive material dispersible in the binder material and comprising a plurality of conductive carbon particles; an active material dispersible in the binder material and comprising a plurality of active particles; and a coating agent comprising one of a non-lithiated polymer, an at least partially-lithiated polymer, and a fully-lithiated polymer. The coating agent is disposed on and at least partially encapsulates at least one of: each of the plurality of conductive carbon particles and each of the plurality of active particles. A positive electrode of a lithium ion electrochemical cell includes a current collector comprising aluminum and a layer formed from the positive electrode composition and disposed on the current collector. A method of forming the positive electrode is also disclosed.

Positive electrode composition, a positive electrode of a lithiumion electrochemical cell, and a method of forming the positive electrode

In a vehicle, a first energy storage device has a first direct current (DC) operating voltage; and a second energy storage device has a second DC operating voltage. The second DC operating voltage is greater than or less than the first DC operating voltage the first DC operating voltage. A switch is connected between the first and second energy storage devices. A fault diagnostic module, while an internal combustion engine of the vehicle is shut down, diagnoses that a fault is present when a voltage of the first energy storage device is less than a predetermined DC voltage. The predetermined DC voltage is less than the first DC operating voltage. A switch control module closes the switch when the fault is diagnosed. A starter control module, when the fault is diagnosed, applies power to a starter from the second energy storage device via the switch.

Power control systems and methods for mixed voltage systems

A lithium ion battery component includes a support selected from the group consisting of a current collector, a negative electrode, and a porous polymer separator. A lithium donor is present i) as an additive with a non-lithium active material in a negative electrode on the current collector, or ii) as a coating on at least a portion of the negative electrode, or iii) as a coating on at least a portion of the porous polymer separator. The lithium donor has a formula selected from the group consisting of LiMP, wherein M is Fe, V, or Mn and wherein y ranges from 1 to 4; LiTiP, wherein y ranges from 1 to 2; LiP, wherein 0&#x3c;x&#x2264;3; and LiCuP.

Lithium ion battery components

A lithium-ion conducting, solid electrolyte is deposited on a thin, flexible, porous alumina membrane which is placed between co-extensive facing side surfaces of a porous, lithium-accepting, negative electrode and a positive electrode formed of a porous layer of particles of a compound of lithium, a transition metal element, and optionally, another metal element. A liquid electrolyte formed, for example, of LiPFdissolved in an organic solvent, infiltrates the electrode materials of the two porous electrodes for transport of lithium ions during cell operation. But the solid electrolyte permits the passage of only lithium ions, and the negative electrode is protected from damage by transition metal ions or other chemical species produced in the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

Thin and flexible solid electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries

A lithium ion battery includes a positive and a negative electrode, and a nanoporous or microporous polymer separator soaked in electrolyte solution and disposed between the electrodes. At least two different chelating agents are included and selected to complex with: i) two or more different transition metal ions; ii) a transition metal ion in two or more different oxidation states; or iii) both i) and ii). The at least two different selected chelating agents are to complex with transition metal ions in a manner sufficient to not affect movement of lithium ions across the separator during operation of the battery. The chelating agents are: dissolved or dispersed in the electrolyte solution; grafted onto the polymer of the separator; attached to the binder material of the negative and/or positive electrode; disposed within pores of the separator; coated on a surface of the separator; and/or coated on a surface of an electrode.

Lithium ion battery

A lithium ion battery includes positive and negative electrodes, and a nanoporous or microporous polymer separator soaked in an electrolyte solution, between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Chelating agent(s) are included to complex with transition metal ions while not affecting movement of lithium ions across the separator during operation of the lithium ion battery. The chelating agents are: dissolved in the electrolyte solution; grafted onto the polymer of the separator; attached to the binder material of the negative and/or positive electrode; coated on a surface of the separator; and/or coated on a surface of the negative and/or positive electrode. The chelating agents are selected from: ion traps in molecular form selected from polyamines, thiols and alkali metal salts of organic acids; polymers functionalized with alkali metal salts of organic acids; polymers functionalized with nitrogen-containing functional groups; and polymers functionalized with two or more functional groups.

A method for fault-tolerant coasting control of a powertrain system having an engine and a first energy storage system (ESS) includes receiving a real impedance value of the first ESS from a frequency analyzer device at a calibrated frequency while the engine is running, and comparing the real impedance value to a calibrated impedance. A coasting maneuver is enabled allowing the engine to turn off above a threshold speed when the real impedance value is less than the calibrated impedance. The method may include starting the engine using a second ESS in parallel with the first ESS to exit the coasting maneuver when the real impedance value exceeds the calibrated impedance. Subsequent execution of the coasting maneuver may be prevented as long as the real impedance value exceeds the calibrated impedance. A powertrain system includes the engine, starter motor, rechargeable ESS, frequency analyzer, and controller.

Powertrain system with fault-tolerant coasting control logic

A Li-ion battery is disclosed, the Li-ion battery including an anode, a cathode, a lithium donor formed from a Li-containing material, and an electrolyte in communication with the anode, the cathode, and the lithium donor. The lithium donor may be incorporated into the anode, incorporated into the cathode, a layer formed on either an anode side or a cathode side of a separator of the battery. The lithium donor is formed from Li-containing material insensitive to oxygen and aqueous moisture.

Method for pre-lithiation of the negative electrode in lithium ion batteries

A method of bonding a metal to a substrate involves forming a plurality of nano-features in a surface of the substrate, where each nano-feature is chosen from a nano-pore and/or a nano-crevice. In a molten state, the metal is over-cast onto the substrate surface, and penetrates the nano-features. Upon cooling, the metal is solidified inside the nano-features, where the solidification of the metal forms a mechanical interlock between the over-cast metal and the substrate.

Method of bonding a metal to a substrate

A component includes a cast portion and an insert. The cast portion includes a sacrificial suspension device. The insert is configured to provide damping to the component. The sacrificial suspension device is dissolved during a casting process, into a molten material, forming the cast portion such that the insert is fully encapsulated by the cast portion, including the dissolved suspension device.

Method of forming a component having an insert

A method of bonding a metal to a substrate is disclosed herein. The method involves forming a nano-brush on a surface of the substrate, where the nano-brush includes a plurality of nano-wires extending above the substrate surface. In a molten state, the metal is introduced onto the substrate surface, and the metal surrounds the nano-wires. Upon cooling, the metal surrounding the nano-wires solidifies, and during the solidifying, at least a mechanical interlock is formed between the metal and the substrate.

A method of bonding a metal to a substrate involves forming an oxide layer on a surface of the substrate, and in a molten state, over-casting the metal on the substrate surface. The over-casting drives a reaction at an interface between the over-cast metal and the oxide layer to form another oxide. The other oxide binds the metal to the substrate surface upon solidification of the over-cast metal.

Growing community of inventors

Birmingham, MI, United States of America

Bob Ross Powell