International Business Machines Corporation

Bernice E Rogowitz

Paul Borrel

Timothy Joseph Chainer

Nitendra Rajput

Aleksandra Mojsilovic

Jose Gomes

Alfred Grill

Christos J Georgiou

Lawrence David Bergman

John Timothy Robinson

Lloyd Alan Treinish

David Alan Rabenhorst

John Alan Gerth

Christo Dimitrios Dimitrakopoulos

Data pertaining to environmental information is acquired using sensors on a multiplicity of networked pervasive devices, and analyzed to determine occurrence of at least one environmental event. Such data can be obtained, for example, from an inventive wireless communications device including an antenna, transmit circuitry coupled to the antenna for transmission of radio frequency radiation therefrom, at least one environmental sensor configured to obtain environmental data, and a communications module coupled to the at least one environmental sensor and configured to cause transmission of a representation of the data via the antenna and the transmit circuitry.

Method for environmental sensing

Pervasive network for environmental sensing

A system for providing a tactile virtual world or environment wherein, in particular, a virtual reality environment provides an interactive 3-D interface for synthesizing the feeling of experiencing a 3-D environment. The invention also provides a method for implementing actual physical applications that can simulate real 3-D environments; for example, such as a physical training exercise or artificial 3-D environments, or simulating the interacting with molecules or complex data sets.

Tactile virtual world

The present invention discloses a creation of a virtual hand, body part, or tool in a virtual environment, controlled by a new 3-D haptic interface for virtual environments. There is also the provision of a method and arrangement applicable to computer systems for creating a virtual environment, which facilitates a user to touch, feel, edit, and interact with data about the objects, surfaces, and textures in the environment. There is also a provision for multiple virtual hands operating in the same virtual world, so that users can work collaboratively in the virtual world; they can touch, feel and edit the data in the virtual world, including data about the other users' virtual hands.

Virtual hand: a new 3-D haptic interface and system for virtual environments

The present invention discloses a tactile input/output device for representing and manipulating computer-generated surfaces. Also disclosed are a novel system and method for implementing the forgoing aspects. In essence, there is provided an intuitive concept of manipulating and editing a computer-generated surface, by employing a combination of traditional input and output devices (keyboard, mouse, display, etc.) and a novel device that enables users to touch, edit and modify a physical representation of the surface. The tactile device includes an array of displaceable pins, which are driven by a control system having a plurality of micro-actuators operating in combination with a rack-and-pinion assembly.

Tactile input/output device and system to represent and manipulate computer-generated surfaces

An electronic device comprises a die with at least one defined hot-spot area; and at least one defined intermediate temperature area at a temperature lower than the temperature of the hot-spot area. The device also comprises a cooling structure comprising at least one bundle of first nanotubes for cooling the hot spot area and at least one bundle of additional nanotubes for cooling the intermediate temperature area, and having heat conductivity lower than the bundle of first nanotubes. The heat conductivity of both sets of the nanotubes is sufficient to decrease any temperature gradient between the defined hot spot area, the defined intermediate temperature area, and at least one lower temperature area on the die. The walls of the first nanotubes and the additional nanotubes are surrounded by a heat conducting matrix material operatively associated with the lower temperature area.

On-chip temperature gradient minimization using carbon nanotube cooling structures with variable cooling capacity

A method includes deriving a plurality of semantic categories for representing important semantic cues in images, where each semantic category is modeled through a combination of perceptual features that define the semantics of that category and that discriminate that category from other categories; for each semantic category, forming a set of the perceptual features comprising required features and frequently occurring features; comparing an image to said semantic categories; and classifying said image as belonging to one of said semantic categories if all of the required features and at least one of the frequently occurring features for that semantic category are present in said image. A database contains image information, where the image information includes at least one of already classified images, network locations of already classified images and documents containing already classified images. The database is searched for images matching an input query, including, e.g., an image, text, or both.

System and method for measuring image similarity based on semantic meaning

A method includes deriving a plurality of semantic categories for representing important semantic cues in images, where each semantic category is modeled through a combination of perceptual features that define the semantics of that category and that discriminate that category from other categories; for each semantic category, forming a set of the perceptual features comprising required features and frequently occurring features; comparing an image to said semantic categories; and classifying said image as belonging to one of said semantic categories if all of the required features and at least one of the frequently occurring features for that semantic category are present in said image. A database contains image information, where the image information includes at least one of already classified images, network locations of already classified images and documents containing already classified images. The database is searched for images matching an input query, comprising, e.g., an image, text, or both.

Production and processing of data representing digitized images are disclosed. The disclosure addresses the problem of providing an image which simultaneously represents both high spatial resolution information and low spatial resolution information which pertains to the high spatial resolution information. Images may be produced which represent high spatial resolution information in the form of relative luminance contrasts, and represent low spatial resolution information in the form of color variance. Images representing high spatial resolution information may be altered to represent areas sharing a common trait (low spatial resolution information) by altering image data to make all pixels of those areas a common color, while scaling the luminance of each altered pixel by a uniform factor relative to its luminance in the original representation of the image.

Method, system and program products for displaying multiple types of

A rule based system and method interacts with a user to provide the user a series of interim results. The system has a set of one or more operations. Each of these operations in turn has a set of one or more choices, called a choice set, associated with an operation. Rule based intelligence is applied to the operations set and/or one or more operation choice set by a set of rules associated with its respective operation and/or choice set. When one or more rules in a rule set are applied to the operation set, an offered operation set is created which is a subset of the operation set. Only the operations in the offered operation set are offered to the user. When one or more rules in a rule set are applied to a choice set, an offered choice set is created which is a subset of the choice set. Only those operation choices in the offered choice set are offered to the user. The operations (operation choices) that are in the offered operation set (offered choice set) are those that conform to the constraints of the rules that are applied. The user selects operations (operation choices) from the offered operation set (offered choice set). Information about the user selections feeds back to the rules and is used to constrain the next offered operations and operation choices. The user is also permitted to change rules, rule specific metadata, and rule specific metadata algorithms as well as the data in the system. Interacting with the system this way, the user preference, knowledge, and judgment is incorporated in each of a series of interim results and is used to further develop the next interim result in the series of iterations.

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Ossining, NY, United States of America

Bernice E Rogowitz