Praxair Technology, Inc.

Bernard Thomas Neu

James Smolarek

Mohamed Safdar Allie Baksh

Minish Mahendra Shah

Nick Joseph Degenstein

Mark Thomas Emley

Andrew Chester Rosinski

Scot Eric Jaynes

Dante Patrick Bonaquist

Raymond Francis Drnevich

Henry Edward Howard

Mark William Ackley

Joseph Michael Schwartz

John Fredric Billingham

Philip Alexander Barrett

Richard M Kelly

Michael S Manning

Ravi Kumar

Alan Barnard Stewart

Michael Kenneth Rogan

Dariush Habibollah Zadeh

David A Walker

A method, system, and apparatus required for creating a mixture of dry proppant and liquid carbon dioxide (LCO) for fracturing oil and gas formations is presented. The operation includes making a mixture of dry proppant and liquid carbon dioxide (LCO) for use in a fracturing operation by supplying dry proppant that is pressurized to between 75 and 600 psia with a gas; further supplying a stream of sub-cooled LCOhaving a pressure substantially equal to that of the pressurized dry proppant; and adding dry, pressurized proppant to the stream of sub-cooled LCO, thereby forming a mixed LCOand proppant fracturing slurry.

System and apparatus for creating a liquid carbon dioxide fracturing fluid

Carbon dioxide-containing feed stream such as flue gas is treated to produce a high-purity carbon dioxide stream by a series of steps including removing SOx and NOx with activated carbon, carrying out subambient-temperature processing to produce a product stream and a vent stream, and treating the vent stream by pressure swing adsorption or by physical or chemical absorption to produce a product stream which is recycled to the feed stream.

Purifying carbon dioxide using activated carbon

The present invention provides a method of liquefying a hydrogen feed stream and a liquefier for carrying out such a method in which ortho-species of hydrogen contained in a hydrogen feed stream is converted to the para-species in higher and lower temperature catalytic converters. An adsorption unit, located between the higher and lower temperature catalytic converters, adsorbs a portion of the ortho content of the feed stream. The adsorbed portion is desorbed during regeneration of an adsorbent bed of the adsorption unit and is recirculated back for treatment in the higher temperature catalytic converter to reduce the degree to which the ortho-species are converted to the para-species in the lower temperature catalytic converter and at lower temperatures.

Hydrogen liquefaction method and liquefier

A method of producing a carbon dioxide product stream from a synthesis gas stream formed within a hydrogen plant having a synthesis gas reactor, a water-gas shift reactor, located downstream of the synthesis gas reactor to form the synthesis gas stream and a hydrogen pressure swing adsorption unit to produce a hydrogen product recovered from the synthesis gas stream. In accordance with the method the carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas stream by separating the carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas stream in a vacuum pressure swing adsorption system, thereby to produce a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas stream and a crude carbon dioxide stream and then purifying the crude carbon dioxide stream by a sub-ambient temperature distillation process thereby to produce the carbon dioxide product. A hydrogen synthesis gas feed stream to the hydrogen pressure swing adsorption unit is formed at least in part from the hydrogen rich stream.

Carbon dioxide production method

A gas recovery system comprising a source of gas having a preselected concentration of a desired component (), at least one application () that adds impurities to said gas, and at least one an adsorption system () that purifies said gas to produce a purified gas for re-use in application (), wherein said at least one adsorption system includes at least one adsorbent bed (A) having at least three layers of adsorbents. A recovery process is also disclosed.

Helium recovery

The present invention relates to a PSA system using an indexing rotary dual valve regulating a stepping mode of operation that controls a variable bed inlet feed flow rate, controllable pressure between feed lines in different beds of the PSA system and varied output flow rate of product gas such as high purity hydrogen gas.

Indexing rotary dual valve for pressure swing adsorption systems

The present invention relates to a gas recycling system that includes a) a source of gas having a predetermined purity; b) an application system that uses the gas and adds contaminants to the gas; c) an adsorption system for removing the contaminants from the gas to produce a purified gas and a waste gas; d) a gas purity analyzer for measuring the amount of the contaminants in the waste gas; and e) conduits connecting the gas source to the application system, and the application system to the adsorption system.

Control system for helium recovery

The present invention is a PSA system having at least one vessel that uses a multi-segmented flow distributor to provide a uniform fluid across the adsorbent bed in the vessel.

Flow distributor for PSA vessel

An apparatus includes a vessel and a radial adsorption bed within the vessel and either an axial adsorption bed for a storage tank within the inner diameter of the radial adsorption bed. In one example, the radial adsorption bed surrounds an axial adsorption bed. A process that can be conducted in the vessel includes directing a gas mixture across the radial adsorption bed, thereby causing adsorption of at least a portion of a gas component present in the gas mixture and producing partially purified product. The partially purified gas is directed through the axial adsorption bed, thereby causing further purification of the partially purified gas and producing product gas. In another example, the radial adsorption bed surrounds a storage tank. The storage tank can be employed to store a gas generated or used in a separation process conducted in the radial adsorption bed. For instance, the storage tank can be employed to store product gas or void gas generated in a vacuum/pressure swing adsorption process.

Radial adsorption gas separation apparatus and method of use

An internal combustion engine having an integrally connected pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system to provide oxygen-enriched air or oxygen-deficient air, in situ, to the mixing chamber of a spark-ignition or compression-ignition engine.

Pressure-swing adsorption system for internal combustion engines

A pressure swing adsorption process for recovery of a more readily adsorbable component, such as nitrogen, and a larger amount of a less readily adsorbable component, such as oxygen, from a feed gas mixture, such as air, wherein the ratio of nitrogen to oxygen is less than about 3:1 and the ratio of the co-purge:feed gas of the process is maintained at less than about 1.15:1.

Pressure swing adsorption process for co-producing nitrogen and oxygen

The invention maintains a nearly constant cycle pressure ratio along with a balancing of the adsorbent vessel effluents in a pressure swing adsorption process. The invention monitors cycle pressure ratio and subsequently alters the cycle step times and flows to sustain its value, thereby maximizing plant performance and avoiding unnecessary shutdowns. Maintaining a nearly constant pressure ratio assures that the plant production is optimized and that power consumption is minimized. The balancing of the adsorbent vessel effluents, using the corresponding waste purities, is used to further improve plant production.

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Lancaster, NY, United States of America

Bernard Thomas Neu