Allied Chemical Corporation

Alliedsignal Inc.

Allied Corporation

Buffalo Color Corporation

Bernard F Sukornick

Richard F Sweeney

Richard E Eibeck

Louis G Anello

Morris B Berenbaum

James O Peterson

Pritam Singh Minhas

Chien C Li

Henry R Nychka

Joseph Gordon

Hsueh Sung Tung

Michael Van Der Puy

David Nalewajek

Harry E Ulmer

Sabatino R Orfeo

David J Friedland

Lynn E McCurry

Robert A Wiles

William Burke Fox

Martin J Mastroianni

Allen W Sogn

James B Beal

George D Lockyer, Jr

Dennis E Burd

George D Lockyer

A method for preparing polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams which comprises reacting and foaming a mixture of ingredients which will react to form the polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams in the presence of a blowing agent comprising a partially fluorinated alkane having four or five carbon atoms and a tertiary structure. The method is advantageous because partially fluorinated alkanes having a tertiary structure have zero ozone depletion potentials, are nonflammable, and have higher solvency toward polyols.

Method of preparing foam using a partially fluorinated alkane having a

Novel partially fluorinated alkanes having the Formula: ##STR1## wherein each R is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of CF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2, CH.sub.2 F, and CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2, and R' is an alkyl or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms with the proviso that when each R is CF.sub.3, R' is not CF.sub.3 (CF.sub.2).sub.2 --, CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 --, or CF.sub.3 have utility as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning, dry cleaning, and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Method of cleaning using partially fluorinated alkanes having a tertiary

Novel partially fluorinated alkanes having the Formula: ##STR1## wherein each R is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of CF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2, CH.sub.2 F, and CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2, and R' is an alkyl or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms with the proviso that when each R is CF.sub.3, R' is not CF.sub.3 (CF.sub.2).sub.2 -, CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 -, or CF.sub.3 have utility as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning, dry cleaning, and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Partially fluorinated alkanes having a tertiary structure

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of luorinated alkanes. The process comprises the step of: reacting an alkene with carbon having fluorine absorbed therein at a temperature and for a time sufficient to form fluorinated alkanes. The alkene used is not perhalogenated at the double-bonded carbons. Preferably, the alkene used is vinylidene fluoride or ethylene. The process produces products such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (known in the art as 134a) which may be used as a refrigerant and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (known in the art as R143a) and 1,2-difluoroethane (known in the art as R152) which may be used as blowing agents or solvents.

Process for the preparation of fluorinated alkanes from alkenes

A process is disclosed for producing fluorinated carbon (CF.sub.x) admixed which can be used in a lithium battery to eliminate low voltage at the beginning of discharge. The process uses a thick carbon bed to assure proper degree and type of underfluorination of the CF.sub.x. The inhomogeneous fluorinated carbon produced is a fully, or overfluorinated CF.sub.x with a small amount of underfluorinated material to eliminate voltage suppression in Li/CF.sub.x batteries.

Lithium/fluorinated carbon battery with no voltage delay

A cell which employs an active metal anode such as lithium and a liquid organic electrolyte that is improved by the use of a cathode comprised of carbon fluoride chloride is described. The cathode comprises a carbon fluoride chloride of the general formula (C.sub.y F.sub.x Cl.sub.z).sub.n wherein y is 1 to 2, x is greater than 0 to 1.2, z is .ltoreq.0.1 and n defines the number of repeating units occurring in the carbon fluoride chloride molecule of high molecular weight. The resulting battery has improved discharge and shelf-life characteristics.

High energy density battery with cathode composition

The process for preparing hexafluoroisobutylene which comprises reacting, at elevated temperatures, ketene or a ketene-generating compound with hexafluorothioacetone. Hexafluoroisobutylene is a known valuable monomer, which forms polymers of exceptional thermal, chemical and mechanical properties, particularly when copolymerized, such as with vinylidene fluoride.

Preparation of hexafluoroisobutylene

A chlorine-donating perhalogenated hydrocarbon such as fluorocarbon 133a is reacted in the vapor phase with a hydrogen-donating halogenated hydrocarbon such as fluorocarbon 113a in the presence of a catalyst to produce a first halogenated fluorocarbon product with one less chlorine and one more hydrogen than the chlorine donating perhalogenated hydrocarbon and one less hydrogen and one more chlorine than the hydrogen donating halogenated hydrocarbon. Preferred catalysts are activated carbon and especially chromium oxides and oxyfluorides. The products such as fluorocarbon 123 are useful in aerosol, refrigerant and foaming applications, and as intermediates to other chlorofluorocarbons.

Process for producing halogenated hydrocarbons

1,5-Hexadiene is cyclized to cyclohexene by contacting 1,5-hexadiene with a mixture of a first catalyst selected from the group consisting of chromium oxides, chromium chlorides, chromium bromides, molybdenum oxides, molybdenum chlorides, molybdenum bromides, tungsten oxides, tungsten chlorides, tungsten bromides, iron oxides, cobalt oxides, nickel oxides, elemental sulfur, SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, vanadium metal, vanadium oxides, VOF.sub.3, and mixtures thereof, and a second catalyst selected from a tin (IV) halide and mixtures thereof.

Cyclization of 1,5-hexadiene to cyclohexene

Combinations of boric acid with certain dispersible or soluble metal salts, oxides and hydroxides, preferably also with certain hydrocarboxylic acids, provide unexpectedly enhanced flame retardancy to carpets, said flame retardancy being durable to usual carpet cleaning procedures. Such combinations may take the form of certain metal borocitrates or borotartrates.

Flame retardant carpet and method for preparing same

Electronegative, normally gaseous, fluorinated compounds with sulfur at valence state 2 act as good dielectric gases alone or in combination with sulfur hexafluoride. In particular bis (trifluoromethyl) sulfide has a higher dielectric strength than sulfur hexafluoride when used alone and increases dielectric strength of sulfur hexafluoride in blends.

Electrical device with fluorinated divalent sulfur dielectric gas

1,1,1,-Trifluoro-2-chloroethane (fluorocarbon 133a) is chlorinated with Cl.sub.2 and product 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (fluorocarbon 123) is recovered from the reaction mixture, as is overchlorinated byproduct 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2,2-trichloroethane (fluorocarbon 113a). Fluorocarbon 113a is then reacted in the vapor phase with fluorocarbon 133a in the presence of a catalyst to produce more fluorocarbon 123. Preferred catalysts are activated carbon and especially chromium oxides and oxyfluorides. The product is useful in aerosol, refrigerant and foaming applications, and as an intermediate to other chlorofluoroethanes such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-1-chloroethane (fluorocarbon 124).

Process for the production of 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane

Sulfonation of anthraquinone by a sulfur trioxide component including SO.sub.3 or oleum in a liquid sulfur dioxide solvent. When a mercury catalyst is used to give alpha anthraquinone sulfonate products, most of the mercury is left in the reactor or recovered with unreacted anthraquinone by precipitation with water after vaporization of the sulfur dioxide. High sulfuric acid and mercury pollution are thus avoided.

Sulfonation of anthraquinone in sulfur dioxide solvent

Polyamide and polyester fibers and molding compounds are rendered flame retardant by incorporation into the melt thereof of a complex salt of a polyvalent metal and a hydroxycarboxylic acid, preferably also with boric acid. Preferred complex salts include the subgallates, borocitrates and borotartrates of antimony, aluminum and the alkaline earth metals. The fibers may be tufted to form flame retardant carpets.

Flame retardant fibers, carpets and molding compounds and methods of

Isobutane is catalytically converted to 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropene [(CF.sub.3).sub.2 C .dbd. CHCl] in a dehydro/chlorofluorination reaction zone by passing a mixture of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, chlorine and the isobutane over a chromium oxide or metal fluoride dehydro/chlorofluorination catalyst. Alternatively, the isobutane feed is first prechlorinated, and the mixture of prechlorination fed for conversion to the desired (CF.sub.3).sub.2 C .dbd. CHCl, to a downstream fluorination reactor charged with the dehydro/chlorofluorination catalyst.

Growing community of inventors

Williamsville, NY, United States of America

Bernard F Sukornick