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Societe Francaise D'organo-Synthese

Bernard Capai

Carlo Neri

Jonathan Simon Hill

Guy Lartigau

A process for the preparation of sulphonated phenols of general formula (I) where Ris hydrogen, a C-Calkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, C-Calkoxy, C-Calkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy and/or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C-Calkyl, C-Calkoxy and/or halogen, Ris hydrogen, C-Calkyl or benzoyl of general formula (II) where Rand Rindependently of one another are each hydrogen, halogen, C-Calkyl, C-Calkoxy, C-Chaloalkyl, C-Ccycloalkyl, C-Ccycloalkylalkyl, cyano, hydroxyl, or hydroxyethyl or are each phenoxy, C-Cphenylalkyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C-Calkyl, C-Calkoxy and/or halogen, and Ris hydrogen or the group SOX where X can be hydrogen, a monovalent metal or a group &#x2014;N(R), where each of the three radicals Rcan be independently of one another hydrogen, C-Calkyl or C-Chydroxy alkyl, which process comprises reacting a phenol of general formula (III) where Rand Rare as defined above, with a halosulphonic acid in a solvent which is a mixture of a C-Caliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon and a dialkyl carbonate of general formula (IV) R&#x2014;O&#x2014;CO&#x2014;O&#x2014;Rwhere Rand Reach represent independently a C-Calkyl group

Sulphonation of phenols

Essentially pure and colorless laevulinic acid is produced by heating and ring-opening furfuryl alcohol in the presence of water and a strong non-oxidizing protonic acid, and which includes establishing a reaction medium containing water, the strong protonic acid and a reaction solvent amount of laevulinic acid, and progressively introducing the furfuryl alcohol into such reaction medium.

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Viarmes, France

Bernard Capai