Phillips Petroleum Company

Conocophillips Company

The University of Bergen

Bernard A Baldwin

Merlin R Lindstrom

Gary D Macdonell

Rector P Louthan

Alexander D Schuettenberg

David M Chancellor

Eugene A Spinler

James C Stevens

Donald H Kubicek

Harold W Mark

David R Zornes

Ralph P Williams

James P Johnson

James J Howard

Arne Graue

Raymond Rohde

Bjorn Kvamme

Albert W Borel

R P Louthan

Stephen M Wharry

A method for releasing gas from a gas hydrate without melting the gas hydrate by substituting the gas with a releasing agent that forms a more stable hydrate structure than the gas.

Production of free gas by gas hydrate conversion

An effective laboratory method for developing complete capillary pressure curves involves directly measuring an oil/water saturation profile within a cylindrical porous rock core plug. The saturation profile, which includes a free water level, is established under a known pressure gradient induced by centrifuging and is measured using image mapping techniques. The free-water level is established at a desired position within the length of the core plug and provides a reference position of zero capillary pressure to facilitate measurement of both positive and negative capillary pressures.

Method for laboratory measurement of capillary pressure in reservoir rock

A method is provided for evaluating the potential productivity of a zone of a formation in regard to hydrocarbons substantially free of water, and according to another aspect the method can determine the residual saturation of any porous media with respect to any particular saturating liquid. At least one sample from a zone is saturated with a saturating liquid, such as a saturating liquid comprising water, and the nuclear magnetization of the liquid is substantially inverted by means of at least one NMR radio frequency pulse. A component of the nuclear magnetization is detected at different delay times following application of such a pulse, from which the delay time (NMR zero time) is determined at which the magnetization component is zero. Potential productivity of dry hydrocarbons from the zone and/or residual saturation of the core sample is determined based on the NMR zero time.

Evaluation of liquid-containing samples using nuclear magnetic resonance

A method is provided for determining the relative wettability of a sample of a porous media with respect to a first liquid and a second liquid. The method includes the steps of providing the sample at a partially saturated state with respect to the first liquid; obtaining a first nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameter value for the partially saturated sample; exposing the partially saturated sample to the second liquid for a predetermined period of time, wherein the second liquid is treated with a paramagnetic species such that the presence of the second liquid in the sample does not substantially affect the NMR signal response of the sample; obtaining a second NMR parameter value for the sample after exposure to the second liquid; and determining the relative wettability by comparing the first and second NMR parameter values.

Method for determining relative wettability

A method is provided of determining saturation values corresponding to particular locations in a sample of a porous media, whereby such saturation values can be used in conjunction with corresponding capillary pressures to derive a capillary pressure curve. The method of the invention involves the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging to obtain NMR intensity values corresponding to the locations of interest. Intensity is related to saturation by an appropriate function which is employed to determine the saturation values from the intensity values.

Method for determining properties of liquid-containing porous media

Novel metal-working process and aqueous metal-working fluids are provided. The aqueous metal-working fluids contain at least one sodium hydrocarbylthiocarboxylate as an extreme pressure (EP) additive.

Aqueous metal-working composition and process

A water soluble lubricating additive for water-based fluids used in metalworking operations comprising a polyoxyalkylene sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyoxyalkylene sulfides, alkyl polyoxyalkylene sulfoxides and mixtures thereof. In an alternate embodiment of this invention, dithiodiglycol may be combined with a polyoxyalkylene sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyoxyalkylene sulfides, alkyl polyoxyalkylene sulfoxides and mixtures thereof to produce said water soluble lubricating additive.

Alkyl polyoxyalkylene sulfides and alkyl polyoxyalkylene sulfoxides as

Novel metal-working process and aqueous metal-working fluids are provided. The aqueous metal-working fluids contain at least one N,N'-dilactam disulfide as an extreme pressure (EP) additive.

Metal working lubricating compositions useful as a precoating oil and as a coating and rolling operation, comprising mineral or synthetic oil and a sulfur containing carboxylic acid such as n-dodecylthioacetic acid and n-butylthioacetic acid. The composition can also contain vegetable oil or animal fat. The lubricant composition provided is particularly useful in the cold rolling of steel and other metals.

Metal working lubricant

A metalworking composition containing 2-hydroxyethyl-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)sulfide in an aqueous medium. A method for enhancing the extreme pressure lubricating properties of an aqueous metalworking composition by admixing therein 2-hydroxyethyl-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)sulfide.

Aqueous metalworking composition containing

The addition of a small minor amount of at least one hydroxyalkyl sulfide to lubricating oils, greases, automatic transmission oils, cutting oils, hydraulic fluids, and the like improves the antiwear properties of the resulting compositions.

Lubricants

Liquid hydrocarbon-containing organic compositions have considerably improved anti-oxidation properties when a hydrocarbylpolythiobenzoic acid is present in the composition.

Hydrocarbylpolythiobenzoic acids as anti-oxidation additives

Lubricating compositions incorporating therein at least one mercapto-substituted boron-containing compound selected from 2-hydroxy-4-(mercaptohydrocarbyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolanes and alkylammonium bis[(mercaptohydrocarbyl)ethylenedioxy]borates. Novel 2-hydroxy-4-(mercaptohydrocarbyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolanes and novel alkylammonium bis[(mercaptohydrocarbyl)ethylenedioxy]borates and methods for preparing these compositions of matter are provided. Alkylammonium bis[(mercaptohydrocarbyl)ethylenedioxy]borates are prepared from an intermediate chemical compound that is a novel hydrogen bis[(mercaptohydrocarbyl)ethylenedioxy]borate for which a method of preparation is also provided.

Lubricant antiwear additives containing sulfur and boron

Improved anti-wear additives for lubricants are provided which additives comprise the reaction product obtained by the reaction of 1,5,9-decatriene and hydrogen sulfide. Lubricating oil compositions containing said additives are also provided.

Growing community of inventors

Bartlesville, OK, United States of America

Bernard A Baldwin