The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Benny Chung-Ying Zee

Kwan Chee Chan

Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu

Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo

Ka Chun Chong

Jack Jock-Wai Lee

Esther Qing Li

Methods, systems, and apparatus are provided for determining whether a nucleic acid sequence imbalance exists within a biological sample. One or more cutoff values for determining an imbalance of, for example, the ratio of the two sequences (or sets of sequences) are chosen. The cutoff value may be determined based at least in part on the percentage of fetal DNA in a sample, such as maternal plasma, containing a background of maternal nucleic acid sequences. The percentage of fetal DNA can be calculated from the same or different data used to determine the cutoff value, and can use a locus where the mother is homozygous and the fetus is heterozygous. The cutoff value may be determined using many different types of methods, such as sequential probability ratio testing (SPRT).

Determining percentage of fetal DNA in maternal sample

The present application provides methods and devices for diagnosing and/or predicting the presence, progression and/or treatment effect of a disease characterized by retinal pathological changes in a subject.

Method and device for retinal image analysis

Growing community of inventors

Ma On Shan, China

Benny Chung-Ying Zee