International Business Machines Corporation

Barton Clark Vashaw

Jeffrey Douglas Haggar

Edward Glen Britton

Maurice Isrel

Michael G Fitzpatrick

Andrew Henry Richter

David Mark Ogle

Thomas Donald Moore

Karen Marie Tracey

Brian Keith Martin

Gregory Louis Truty

Nixon Cheaz

Adolfo Francisco Rodriguez

Carolyn Haibt Norton

Richard Eugene Salz

Daniel Earl Poirier

Clayton M Billups

Marc E Haberkorn

Jian Zhang

Nanditha Sivashankar

Tomas Znamenacek

Chinh Vien Hoang

An emergency token for one-time, highly restricted, access to an arbitrary WiFi network, while maintaining full network security and integrity, is disclosed. When an IoT medical device (IMD) detects failure in the IMD, or detects the patient having a medical emergency, IMD detects local active WiFi networks, and attempts connecting to a monitoring center through one of the networks. If the network is password protected, the connection may fail. The IMD retries the connection request using factory-installed one-time use token that is only for emergency calls only. If successful, the IMD sends an emergency message to the monitoring center, which dispatches emergency responder to the location of the IMD. Monitoring center invalidates the token with the central on-line token registrar when both the IMD and the monitoring center acknowledges that the notification is successful. A person having the proper security authorization can install a new one-time use token.

Temporary emergency access to arbitrary network for medical implanted device

A system and method of constructing cluster views may involve determining that a process such as an application server process having an IP address is stopped. Another IP address may be assigned to the process in response to determining that the process is stopped, wherein the other IP address is dedicated to processes that are stopped. If a connection request for the process is received at the other IP address, the connection request may be actively refused. The active refusal may significantly reduce the amount of time required to generate cluster views.

Cluster view performance

A request for a software service utilizes a service intermediary. The service intermediary 1) checks the request to confirm that it conforms to XML well-formedness, and 2) validates the schema of the request. If the request passes both tests, then flags are appended to the request, which is sent to a service provider. The flag indicates to the service provider that the request has already been checked and validated, such that the service provider only needs to provide the requested service, without redundantly checking and validating the request.

Avoiding redundant computation in service-oriented architectures

Methods, system and computer program products for establishing a connection to a network device which does not have an assigned network address. A connection is established from a configuring device to the network device utilizing an unassigned network address for the network to which the network device is attached irrespective of whether the network device is attached to a network local to or remote from the configuring device. The network device may be configured utilizing the established connection. A network address may also be assigned to the device irrespective of whether the network device is attached to a network local to or remote from the configuring device.

Methods, systems and computer program products for communicating with unconfigured network devices on remote networks

The invention ensures that a single and consistent reply is made to ARP request in a system of connected IP networks. When an adapter (A) becomes active, the owning host sends an ARP advertisement into the network over the adapter. If the advertisement is also received at the sending host over a different adapter B, then the host knows that adapter B is on in the same physical network as adapter A and B can be designated as a backup adapter for A and A can be designated as backup adapter for B. If adapter A fails or becomes inactive, the host resets the backup adapter field for any adapter it owns for which A is marked as the backup adapter. If a backup adapter B has been designated for A, the host also sends an ARP advertisement associating MAC-B with IP-A. This allows network connections originally served via adapter A to continue non-disruptively over adapter B and it also provides access to the host for subsequent new connections. When adapter A becomes active again, the host sends a gratuitous ARP advertisement that maps IP-A to MAC-A. This allows adapter A to re-assume responsibility for responding to ARP requests for IP-A.

Method and apparatus for generating replies to address resolution protocol requests

The invention ensures that a single and consistent reply is made to ARP request in a system of connected IP networks. In each host, the first adapter A to become active is designated as being in an arbitrary first physical network (PNET ). For each subsequent adapter B to become active on a host, the host sends a packet over one of the adapters (A) of each network already known to the host with a hop count of one. If the packet is received over adapter B, it is known that adapters A and B are in the same physical network. If this occurs, adapter B is marked as being in the same network PNET as adapter A. If the packet is not received over adapter B then B is in a different physical network as A. In this event, adapter B is marked as being in a new network PNET . When adapter A becomes inactive, if there are other active adapters in the physical network to which A belongs, then one of the remaining adapters B in that physical network is designated to have the responsibility for replying to ARP requests for A. A gratuitous ARP advertisement is transmitted into the network mapping IP-A with MAC-B. When adapter A again becomes active, adapter A will re-assume ownership of ARP replies for IP address A.

The invention ensures that a single and consistent reply is made to an ARP request in a system of connected IP networks. When an adapter becomes active, the relative network on which it resides is determined by transmitting control packets over it and all other adapters known to the host and observing if and where responses are returned to the adapters. One adapter on a network is designated as active. If the same network contains other adapters, they are marked as standby adapters for the purpose of responding to ARP messages. Special processing is provided for offload adapters that perform there own ARP processing.

Method and apparatus for generating replies to address resolution protocol requests by offload adapters

Method and apparatus for generating replies to address resolution protocol requests for virtual IP addresses

The invention ensures that a single and consistent reply is made to ARP requests in a system of connected IP networks in which each host can contain combinations of host adapters, offload adapters and virtual IP addresses.

Methods, systems and computer program products are provided which route messages from a source device on a first network to a destination device on a second network through a first routing device where the first routing device transmits a message to a master routing device. The first routing device receives a routing address from the master routing device responsive to the transmitted message. The routing address specifies an address of a device to which subsequent communications to the destination device are routed. The first routing device stores the received routing address in a list of addresses so as to associate the stored routing address with an address of the destination device of the message. The first routing device may also determine a routing address for a second message from the stored list of routing addresses based upon a destination address of the second message and transmit the second message to the determined routing address. The routing table of the routing device may be updated without requiring modification of TCP/IP messages.

Adaptive message routing in a multiple network environment with a master

Methods, systems and computer program products are provided which dynamically balance the load between gateways which provide access between a first computer network and a second computer network. This load balancing includes receiving at a gateway a communication to be transmitted to a second computer network from a source device on the first computer network. The gateway determines, preferably based on an address contained in the communication, through which of the gateways the communication is to be transmitted and then either transmits the communication to the second network or over the first network to the determined gateway. A redirect message may then be sent to the source device to direct subsequent messages to the proper gateway. The gateway determination may be made by dividing a resource identifier into subgroups, summing the subgroups and then dividing the sum by the number of parallel gateways. The remainder may then be used as a gateway identifier.

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Apex, NC, United States of America

Barton Clark Vashaw