The Dow Chemical Company

Bart J Bremmer

Robert L Reierson

Richard E Crooks

Philip E Garrou

Robert A Dubois

G Edwin Vrieland

Joseph W Hanafin

Gail E Vrieland

Novel cyano- and hydroxyl-substituted cyclic compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein B, R, R' and R' are named substituents are disclosed.

Derivatives of cyano-substituted ketones and aldehydes

Hydraulic fluids having high wet equilibrium reflux boiling points, good chemical stability and other desirable characteristics comprise certain cyano-substituted compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A and B are specified radicals.

Hydraulic fluids containing cyano derivatives of ketones

Symmetrical tetrachloropyridine (2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine) is prepared by reacting pentachloropyridine with a source of iodide ions in the presence of a proton source and a solvent medium. The reaction is preferably carried out in a polar, aprotic solvent medium and heated at a temperature of from about 100.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C.

Preparation of symmetrical tetrachloropyridine

A process for producing 4-bromotetrachloropyridine or symmetrical tetrachloropyridine in high purity comprises the selective transhalogenation of pentachloropyridine by a bromide salt in a polar aprotic solvent at a temperature from about 100.degree. C. to about 140.degree. C. followed optionally by selective debromination by hydrogen in the presence of a noble metal catalyst and an acid acceptor to form tetrachloropyridine.

Process for preparing 4-bromotetrachloropyridine

Hydraulic fluids having high wet equilibrium reflux boiling points, good chemical stability and other desirable characteristics are made from certain cyano-substituted derivatives of cyclic ketals or acetals of the formula ##STR1## wherein A, B and R are specified radicals.

Hydraulic fluids containing cyano derivatives of cyclic ketals and

Cyano acetals prepared by the reaction of an alcohol with a nitrile CO and H.sub.2 in the presence of a Co.sub.2 (CO).sub.8 catalyst are more selectively produced at elevated temperatures by the addition of an effective amount of a cyano alkyl amine or carboxy alkyl amine promoter.

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Ashland, MA, United States of America

Bart J Bremmer