Diamond Shamrock Corporation

Barry A Schenker

Thomas T Sugano

Kevin J O'Leary

Neil W Stillman

David L Lewis

C Richard Franks

Nicholas Shuster

Mary R Suchanski

C Richard Franks, Deceased

Robert A Schulz

Andrew Whyte

Joseph A Walburg

William A Gallup

Disclosed is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes wherein a metal substrate made of a valve metal such as titanium carries a semi-conducting intermediate coating consisting of a combination of tin and antimony oxides laid down upon the valve metal substrate in a series of layers and a top coating consisting of an oxide selected from the group of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum or tungsten applied in a series of layers.

Transition metal oxide electrodes

A method of producing a sol of an element selected from the group consisting silicon, aluminum, antimony, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tin and tungsten comprising electrodialytically transferring alkali metal cations of an aqueous solution of a water soluble alkali metal salt of the oxide of the said element from an anode compartment of an electrolytic cell to a cathode compartment of the electrolytic cell while essentially preventing the migration of the metal oxide into the cathode compartment by positioning a cation permselective membrane between the anode compartment and the cathode compartment while carefully and continuously controlling the pH of the solution and removing the so-produced sol from the anode compartment of the electrolytic cell as well as a novel electrodiayltic cell for sol formation.

Method of producing sols by electrodialysis

A method of producing a sol of an element selected from the group consisting silicon, aluminum, antimony, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tin and tungsten comprising electrodialytically transferring alkali metal cations of an aqueous solution of a water soluble alkali metal salt of the oxide of the said element from an anode compartment of an electrolytic cell to a cathode compartment of the electrolytic cell while essentially preventing the migration of the metal oxide into the cathode compartment by positioning a cation permselective membrane between the anode compartment and the cathode compartment while carefully and continuously controlling the pH of the solution and removing the so-produced sol from the anode compartment of the electrolytic cell as well as a novel electrodialytic cell for sol formation.

Disclosed is an electrolytic cell utilizing an electrolyte circulation system designed to prevent buildup of sludge within the cell compartments and to insure a greater current efficiency by reason of the even distribution of electrolyte solution flow within the cell. This electrolytic cell is particularly suited for organic electrochemical production.

Electrolytic cell

Disclosed is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes especially electrowinning processed wherein a valve metal substrate such as titanium carries a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting of tin and antimony oxides laid down upon the valve metal substrate in a series of layers and a top coating of lead dioxide applied by a plating process.

Lead dioxide electrode

Disclosed is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes especially electrowinning processes wherein a metal substrate made of a valve metal such as titanium carries a semiconducting intermediate coating consisting of a combination of tin and antimony oxides laid down upon the valve metal substrate in a series of layers and a top coating consisting of manganese dioxide applied in a series of layers.

Manganese dioxide electrode

Disclosed is an improved method for the electrochemical production of pinacols from organic carbonyl compounds at high current efficiency in an acid medium in a cell having a hydraulically impermeable cation-exchange membrane. Aqueous organic carbonyl compound and sulfuric acid are introduced to the cathode compartment of the cell along with copper ions in controlled concentrations. After passing an electrolyzing current between the anode and cathode of the cell the pinacol is recovered from the cathode compartment effluent.

Growing community of inventors

Mayfield Heights, OH, United States of America

Barry A Schenker